摘要
目的研究急性病毒性肝炎病原学的特征,制定科学的预防措施。方法对2004年1月～2008年12月收治的734例急性病毒性肝炎患者,进行血清病原学分型及流行病学研究。结果 734例中,甲、乙、丙、戊型病毒性肝炎分别占15.7%、17.0%、2.4%和35.2%,未分型者占29.7%;发病年龄主要集中在30～69岁,占67.4%,甲型肝炎15～49岁为发病高峰期占62.7%,乙型肝炎发病年龄集中在15～69岁占96.0%,丙型肝炎发病年龄在15～69岁占94.5%,戊型肝炎30～69岁为疾病高发年龄段占61.3%,未分型年龄集中在50～69岁,占74.3%;男性患者519例,女性患者215例,男女性患者之比为2.4∶1,每年1～2季度为发病的高峰季节,分别占27.6%和36.4%;临床分型中急性黄疸型肝炎453例(61.7%),急性无黄疸型肝炎264例(36.0%),重型肝炎17例(2.3%)。结论急性病毒性肝炎以戊型和未分型肝炎类型为常见,急性黄疸型肝炎是主要的临床类型;注意个人卫生及改善卫生条件有助于预防甲型肝炎和戊型肝炎传播,接种甲型肝炎和乙型肝炎疫苗是有效的预防措施。
OBJECTIVE To study the etiological characteristics of acute viral hepatitis to set scientific preventive measures.METHODS The data of serum etiology and epidemiology of 734 patients with acute viral hepatitis in our hospital from Jan 2004 to Dec 2008 were investigated.RESULTS Among the 734 patients,15.7% were hepatitis A,17.0% hepatitis B,2.4% hepatitis C,35.2% hepatitis E and 29.7% were untyped hepatitis.The majority of the cases distributed in the age group of 30-69 years（67.4%）.The HAV infection occurred mainly in the age group of 15-49 years（62.7%）.The HBV infection and the HCV infection occurred mainly in the age group of 15-69 years（96.0% and 94.5%,respectively）.The HEV infection occurred mainly in the age group of 30-69 years（61.3%）.The untyped hepatitis infection occurred mainly in the age group of 50-69 years（74.3%）.The ratio of male（519 cases）to female（215 cases）was 2.4∶1.The peak seasons of viral hepatitis were the 1st and 2nd seasons of the year.In various clinical types,453 cases（61.7%）were acute icteric hepatitis,264 cases（36.0%）were acute non-icteric hepatitis and 17 cases（2.3%）were severe hepatitis.CONCLUSIONS Hepatitis E and untyped hepatitis are common among acute viral hepatitis.The acute icteric viral hepatitis is the main clinical type.Personal hygiene helps to prevent spread of HAV and HEV.Vaccination is an effective method for prevention of HAV and HBV infection.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第10期1414-1416,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
