摘要
化肥的大量施用已成为农村面源污染的一个重要来源，直接影响到农村村镇地表饮用水安全。通过分析四川省1998—2007年化肥施用量、农作物产量和农业劳动力的动态变化特征，发现10年间化肥总用量由205．32万t上升到238．2万t，总体上升16．0％；农作物播种面积由971．44万hm^2下降至935．1万hm^2，总体下降3．74％；粮食总产量和单产量均呈整体震荡减少，化肥施用相对生产力在下降。综合相关因素，分析认为粮食生产、农产品结构、现代农业生产技术、农业肥料资源和农村劳动力状况，以及城市化发展都是化肥施用量动态变化的主要关联因素。化肥用量上升趋势还将持续一段时间。
A lot of fertilizer applications have become an important source of non-point source pollution in rural area, which affects the safety of surface water for drinking. The dynamic variation of chemical fertilizer application, crop yield and agricultural labors in Sichuan during 1998 to 2007 were analyzed, it was found that the total amount of chemical fertilizer application increased from 2. 0532 million tons to 2. 382 million tons, up 16. 0% overall. Meanwhile the area under crops decreased from 9. 7144 million hectares to 9. 351 million hectares, down 3.74% overall. Both total crops production and crops yields decreased with fluctuation, which meant the relative productivity of fertilizer application was declining. Analysis of concerned factors suggested that the dynamic variation of chemical fertilizer application depending on factors such as crops production, constitution of agricultural products, modem agricultural technology, agricultural fertilizer resource and agricultural labors constitution as well as urbanization. The upward trend in fertilizer application would continue for some time.
出处
《四川环境》
2010年第2期79-83,94,共6页
Sichuan Environment
基金
国家"十一五"水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项:西南村镇库泊地表饮用水安全保障适用技术研究与示范--库泊水源地污染特征和保护策略研究(2008ZX07425-003-1)
关键词
农业环境因素
化肥施用量
动态变化
Agricultural environment factor
amount of fertilizer application
dynamic variation
