摘要
本研究在已建立的东海EwE模型基础上,采用EwE中的"渔业政策优选"模块,根据东海渔业资源开发利用现状,模拟系统在经济、社会和生态三重准则下对多种渔业管理政策的响应,并结合层次分析法(AHP)从政策方案中选出"最理想的"东海渔业政策架构。模拟的时间尺度为41年,备选方案包括3个单准则方案、1个多准则方案和31个"复合准则方案"。结果表明:单准则方案和多准则方案将导致各种渔具捕捞努力量发生较大变化。35个方案间的比较分析结果为基于生态系统的东海渔业管理(EBFM)和海洋捕捞作业结构调整提供了一些有益的思路:①单一准则的渔业管理策略和具有相同优先级的多准则渔业管理策略不能实现EBFM总体目标;②就东海目前的渔业经济和社会状况而言,不宜过分地抬高生态系统准则在渔业管理中的地位,经济和社会准则仍然重要;③东海海洋捕捞作业结构调整的总体思路应该是减少拖网和虾拖网作业、控制围网和流刺网作业、大力发展外海渔业。
Major problems regarding traditional fisheries management in the context of rapidly declining stocks and degrading ecosystems and an urgent need for sustainable devolvement create an impetus for a fundamental change in fisheries management.Ecosystem-based Fisheries Management（EBFM）reconsiders the orders of management priorities,starting with the ecosystem instead of target species,with the aim to maintain healthy marine ecosystems and fisheries. Potential conflicts among economy,society and ecosystem structure should be reconciled to achieve the EBFM.The module of‘fishing policy search’in the Ecopath with Ecosim（EwE） software is currently the most commonly used and tested ecosystem modeling tool for addressing problems in three aspects：economic benefits,social employment and ecosystem conservation in fisheries management.The purpose of this study was to explore optimum fisheries management strategies for the East China Sea（ECS）on economic,social and ecological criteria using the EwE model incorporating the Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP）method.Simulations were performed for a 41-year period by changing fishing efforts for each fleet.Thirty-five alternative fisheries management options constituting 3 single criterion options,1 compromise criterion option and 31 mixed criteria options were tested in succession.Finally,the AHP method was adopted to optimal policy configuration from the 35 options for the ECS fisheries.Optimization for single and compromise criteria led to the specialization of fishing fleets.The effort of mixed criteria options showed very complex and irregular dynamics in economic profits,landed value,trophic level of catch and diversity index.Top three optimum options were 0.4：0.2：0.2,0.2：0.4：0.2 and 0.2：0.9：0.2 for the weights of the economic criterion,social criterion and ecological criterion,respectively. Results from the AHP analysis provided several meaningful implications for the EBFM in the ECS. It was found that compromise criterion option with same priori
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第4期612-619,共8页
Resources Science
基金
科技部对欧盟科技合作重点项目(编号:0710)
上海市博士后基金项目(编号:09R21412300)
关键词
生态系统
渔业管理
准则
政策优选
EWE
AHP
东海
Ecosystem-based fisheries management
Criterion
Optimization
Ecopath with Ecosim
AHP
East China Sea
