摘要
"天志"、"明鬼"思想是墨子"兼爱"、"非攻"学说的重要组成部分,是墨子论证"兼爱"、"非攻"学说的重要的外在力量,是推行其学说的工具;鬼神观是道德力量中一个重要的外在约束力量;"天志"、"明鬼"思想也反映出了墨子的一种功利主义态度,认为敬鬼神既是对先人的尊重,又可以联络乡亲的情感;"天志"、"明鬼"思想反映了下层被压迫的人民的正义的要求,是"民志"的曲折表现,具有强烈的现实批判力量。
Thoughts in Tian-Zhi and Ming-Gui are important constituent of Mo-tse’s doctrines of universal love and antiwar,are the very important external powers used by Mo-tse to prove his doctrine of universal love and antiwar,are the tools to popularize his theory;the idea of ghosts and gods is an important external restraining force in the moral power and reflect the utilitarian attitude of Mo-tse by the standpoint that respect ghosts and gods has the same effect as respect predecessor as cement villagers’ friendship;thoughts of Tian-Zhi and Ming-Gui reflect the justicial request of the oppressed,are circuitous symbol of folk mind,have a strong force of critical realism.
关键词
天志
明鬼
鬼神观
功利主义
民志
mandate of god
proof of ghosts
the idea of ghosts and gods
utilitarianism
folk mind
