摘要
本研究旨在考察运动员在比赛中如何综合使用各种应对策略,检验在不同的应对策略层面上,运动员对实现目标的感知、情绪状态以及体验到的控制是否存在差异。从200名运动员中随机选取151人,完成一系列相关测试,对所得数据进行聚类分析。结果表明,运动员在比赛中所使用的应对策略可以分为四类。在对运动员自我设定的目标加以限定后,他们的控制体验、积极的情绪状态以及愤怒与沮丧的状态在四个应对策略层面上存在显著性差异(P<0.008)。综合运用高水平任务型应对策略和低水平放弃型应对策略的运动员,要比综合运用高水平放弃型应对策略和低水平任务型应对策略的运动员能够取得更好的成绩,具备更好的心理调节能力。
This study aimed at examining the ways in which different athletes may combine the use of several coping strategies and at testing whether perceived goal attainment, affeetive states, and experience of control would differ across distinctive profiles of coping. A sample of 151 athletes out of 200 were approached by a series of items measuring experience of control and perceived goal attainment. Results of a cluster analysis indicated that athletes could be classified in four groups according to their use of coping strategies. After controlling for athletes＇ self - referenced goal attainment, their experience of control, positive affective state, and anger - dejection state differed significantly （P 〈 0. 008） across the four profiles of coping. Athletes who have used high level of task - oriented coping in combination with low level of disengagement - oriented coping reported better goal and psychological adjustment than athletes who have used high level of disengagement - oriented coping in combination with low level of task - oriented coping.
出处
《山东体育学院学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第1期60-64,共5页
Journal of Shandong Sport University
