摘要
以苹果腐烂病菌、苹果炭疽病菌、黄瓜枯萎病菌和棉花枯萎病菌为供试菌种,用生长速率法测定了22种植物乙醇提取物的抑菌活性。结果表明:在浓度为40mg/ml时,不同植物的乙醇提取物对这4种植物病原菌的抑制作用有明显差别,其中香樟树、山麦冬、元宝槭、地笋、浒苔、鸡爪槭、鹅掌楸、长蒴黄麻和黑松对苹果腐烂病菌抑制率均达到80%以上。综合来看,以香樟树叶和鹅掌楸叶乙醇提取物对供试植物病原菌的抑制活性较好。以活性较高的香樟树叶和鹅掌楸叶乙醇提取物对另外11种植物病原菌进行活性测定。结果表明,香樟树叶的乙醇提取物对苹果腐烂病菌、葡萄白腐病菌、茄子绵疫病菌和小麦纹枯病菌的抑制效果较好;鹅掌楸叶的乙醇提取物对苹果腐烂病菌、葡萄白腐病菌和小麦赤霉病菌的抑制效果较好。对香樟树叶和鹅掌楸叶乙醇提取物抑制作用较好的病原菌进行了毒力测定,计算出了毒力方程和EC50。
The antifungal activities cingulata, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. of 22 plant ethanolic extracts were tested against Valsa mali, Glomerella vasinfectum and F. oxysporum f. sp. Cucumarinum in vitro. The result showed that on the concentration of 40mg/mL,the inhibitory of these plant extracts were strikingly different. The inhibitory rate of the extracts from Cinnamonum campora, Liriope platyphylla,Acer truncatum, Lycopus lucidus, Enteromorpha clathrata, Acer palmatum, Liriodendron chinens, Corchorus olitorius and Pinus thunbergii on the hypha growth of Valsa mal were more than 80% respectively. The antifungal activity of the extracts from C. campora and L. chinens were better than others in general. The inhibitory against other 11 phytopathogens were further tested with the extracts from C. campora and L. chinens. The result showed that the antifungal activity of extracts from C. campora against V. mail, Coniothyrium diplodiella, Phytophthora parasitica and Rhizoctonia cerealis were better than others. Those of the extracts from L. chinens againt V. mail, C. diplodiella and Gibberella zeae were better than others also. The toxicity equation and ECs0 were further tested respectively.
出处
《中国农学通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第1期98-102,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
青岛农业大学人才基金(630519)
关键词
植物提取物
植物病原菌
抑菌活性
botanical extract, phytopathogen, antifungal activity
