摘要
任何全球减排路线图的绘制都无法脱离国际正义而具有生命力。气候变化问题的特性要求全球减排路线图尊重具有两面性的国际气候正义:环境正义和发展正义,需要考虑国家间公平、人的公平和代际公平。仅以人类发展指数(HDI)作为衡量国家承担减排责任的标准缺乏足够的正义,至少还需要加入人均历史累积排放和气候变化脆弱性两个指标。三者分别体现气候变化正义性中的人的平等发展权、减排责任分担和对受害者在排放权上的补偿。综合三大指标后的四分组分类,才是更体现正义性、更容易被接受和执行的路线图。从正义性出发,中国应承担相应的减排责任,并努力推动全球减排进程,但也要注意维护自身的发展权益。中国在全球减排中的作为,应是在国际正义与国家发展战略间取得平衡。
No global roadmap on the reduction of greenhouse gas （GHG） emissions can be viable without due consideration of international justice. The characteristic of climate change requires global roadmaps to respect two particular issues： environmental justice and development justice. In other words, the plan has to consider the equities between countries, between human beings, and between generations of the population. Taking Human Development Index （HDI） as the single criterion to measure the reduction burden of countries is therefore inadequate. To the very least, another two indi- catorscumulative emissions per capita and climate change vulnerability--should also be included in the exercise. HDI, cumulative emissions per capita and climate change vulnerability indicate, respectively, equal rights of development, responsibility of historical emissions, and compensation to impacted countries of climate change. A more justifiable, acceptable, and implementable roadmap is to evaluate countries based on these three indicators. From the position of justice, China should take its corresponding responsibility to try to push forward global emissions reduction, while defending its own development rights. China＇s role in the global emissions is to strike a balance between international justice and its national development strategy.
出处
《当代亚太》
CSSCI
北大核心
2009年第6期47-70,共24页
Journal of Contemporary Asia-Pacific Studies
关键词
气候变化
国际正义
减排路线图
Climate Change / International Justice / Global GHG Emissions Reduction Roadmap
