摘要
目的对北京市视力残疾人的流行病学特点和康复需求进行分析，探讨更有效的视力康复对策。方法以第二次全国残疾人抽样调查北京市确定的视力残疾555例为研究对象，运用统计描述、对比分析和多因素分析等统计方法，得到北京市视力残疾人的致残状况和康复现状与需求。结果调查的视力残疾人中四分之三为60岁以上人群。白内障、视网膜和脉络膜疾病以及青光眼是导致视力残疾的前三位原因。尽管89．4％的被调查者曾经接受过医疗服务与救助，但医疗服务仍是北京市视力残疾人最迫切的需求，占视力残疾人的82．0％。只有36．6％的视力残疾人对辅助器具有需求，11．9％的视力残疾人对康复训练有需求。曾接受辅助器具的视力残疾人为26．7％，而曾接受过康复训练者仅占5．8％。不同年龄阶段和不同残疾程度的患者对康复的需求存在差异。结论北京市视力残疾人缺乏对康复知识的了解；应普及视力残疾康复知识，促进眼科医生参与康复工作，加强社区康复服务。
Objective To investigate the status of visual disability and the demands for visual rehabilitation services in Beijing. Methods Five htmdred and fifty-five persons with visual disability in Beijing from the Second National Survey on Disability of China were involved in this study. Their visual disability and demands for rehabilitation were evaluated. Results About three fourth of the visual disabled persons were over 60 years of age. Cataract, retinal and choroidal diseases, and glaucoma were the three leading causes of the visual impairment. Medical service was the number one （82.0%） demand for the persons with visual disability, although 89.4% of them had previously received some kinds of medial services. People who had received visual aid devices or rehabilitation training were 26.7% and 5.8%, respectively, while more people showed their demand for these service （36.6% and 11.9%, respectively）. The demand for visual rehabilitation varied in different groups of age and severity of disability. Conclusion Accessibility of high quality medical services for preventable blindness diseases should be further promoted. Public health education on visual rehabilitation is also needed.
出处
《中华流行病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第12期1238-1242,共5页
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
关键词
视力残疾
康复需求
流行病学特点
Visual disability
Visual rehabilitation
Epidemiological characteristics
