摘要
了解公众对区域水灾的感知情况,为开展有效的风险沟通和风险管理提供基础依据。本文从公众层面入手,在长江流域的上中下游选择重庆、江西、安徽作为调查样区,调查公众对当地水灾的感知状况,共访谈10余个区县的207位居民,每人的访谈时间都在40 min以上。据此分析公众区域水灾感知水平与灾害风险沟通间的关系。调查中发现,在风险沟通的渠道方面:电视是村民接受风险信息的主要渠道,很少有人通过报纸或网络了解水灾水情。在风险沟通的内容方面:在灾害中不同的角色因其职责、信息渠道等的不同,风险沟通的内容有别。水灾认知中,存在着由于期望差异、乐观侥幸心理等导致的认知偏差。在风险沟通的手段方面:对于受灾居民而言,可以通过水灾知识普及、加强心理辅导或心理治疗等方式减少水灾带来的负面影响。另外,需要引导公众认识到防洪科技的有限性,减少麻痹、盲从心理及其行为。
Understanding the evaluation on local disaster reduction ability of the public can help to reveal potential risk factors and provide basis for carrying out effective risk communication and risk management. In this paper, local flood disaster perception of the public was investigated （207people were interviewed） from the public level choosing Chongqing, Jiangxi, Anhui of the mid-downstream of the Yangtze River as the sampling areas, The relationship between local flood disaster perception of the public and disaster risk communication was analyzed according to this. In the survey we founded that residents investigated had a basic understanding about the local flood disaster conditions and approved local disaster reduction ability and took some disaster reduction measures. Inspiration for risk communication, in the risk communication channels： TV is the main way to accept risk information by villagers, while few people know flood conditions through newspapers and network. The content of risk communication for different roles is different because of their functions and information channels. Perception deviation exists in the flood disaster perception because of expectation deviation, fluke mind and so on. In the risk communication methods： negative impacts caused by flood disasters can be reduced through strengthening psychological counseling or psychological treatment and flood disaster knowledge. realize the limit of flood control technology in order to In addition, it is necessary to guide the public reduce blind behaviors.
出处
《防灾科技学院学报》
2009年第4期16-20,共5页
Journal of Institute of Disaster Prevention
基金
国家社会科学基金项目"社会减灾能力信任对公众应急行为决策的影响研究--以长江流域水灾为例"(08CZZ018)阶段性研究成果
关键词
水灾认知
风险沟通
信息渠道
期望偏差
乐观偏差
flood perception
risk communication
information channel
expectation deviation
optimism deviation
