摘要
目前哲罗鱼(Hucho taimen)处于濒危状态,野生样品采集较困难,因此对其种群遗传结构了解甚少。本研究应用7对AFLP引物对5个野生哲罗鱼群体(104个体)进行了扩增和遗传结构分析。结果显示7对引物共扩增出193个多态位点,多态位点比率为70.18%;多态性位点数(AP)、多态性位点比率(P)、观测等位基因(Na)、有效等位基因(Ne)、Nei's基因多样性指数(H)、Shannon's信息指数(I)和遗传距离(D)揭示的规律一致,在5个群体中上述指标从大到小依次均为虎头江段2002、抓吉江段、海青江段、虎头江段2006、呼玛河,H在0.148～0.1953之间,I在0.2215～0.2913之间,5个群体的遗传多样性均偏低;且遗传距离(D)、遗传相似度(S)、遗传分化度(Gst)、基因流(Nm)和聚类结果显示5个群体间的基因交流少,遗传分化程度均很大,并在一定程度上存在近亲交配的现象。以上结果表明,哲罗鱼资源量的减少已经影响了其种群遗传多样性,保护野生哲罗鱼资源已迫在眉睫,应采取及时有效的措施对野生哲罗鱼资源进行保护以期恢复哲罗鱼资源。
Hucho taimen is in the state of endangerment and has been record in the Red Lists of Threatened Species in 1998.There were lack wild population genetic structure of them because their wild samples were hardly collected. In order to know and protect this species,population genetic diversity and structure for wild taimen in Heilongjiang River are investigated using AFLP markers.Seven pair of AFLP primers were amplicated to five wild Hucho taimen groups,which intotal 104 individuals.According to the amplicted results,AP,P,N a,N e,H,I,D,S,G st and N m were calculated by PopGen32 software.Individual clustering were analyzed by Phylip 3.6 and Treeview software.There are 193 polymorphic site in total and the polymorphic site rate is 70.18%.AP,P,N a,N e,H,I and D have the same variation trend like HTA〉ZJ〉HQ〉HTB〉HM.The Nei genetic diversity indices（H）are between 0.148 and 0.1953,the Shannon information indices（I）are between 0.221 5 and 0.293 1.The genetic diversity of five groups are all on the low side.And the genetic diversity has the affinity with the resource.The analysis of D,S,G st and N m showed that low genetic communion between the five groups and great genetic differentiational.This low genetic communion and great genetic differentiational was caused probably by the overfishing and the fragmented habitats that blocked the gene flows between populations.The clustering result showed that all the five groups had the closed genetic relationship individuals cluster together.Therefore there are inbreeding in some degree.All the results indicated that the decrease of Hucho taimen resource had been effected the group genetic diversity and conduce some inbreeding.We recommended to do some effective work to protecting the genetic diversity of taimen resource and discussed the protected measures in this paper.the endangered species.
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第6期833-841,共9页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金
黑龙江水产研究所基本科研专项资金(2007HSYZX-SJ-15)
(2008HSYZX-SJ-08)
农业部淡水鱼类遗传育种和养殖生物学重点实验室项目(BZ2007-02)
国家"十五"科技攻关计划项目(2004BA526B0116)
关键词
哲罗鱼
种质资源
遗传多样性
AFLP
聚类分析
Hucho taimen germplasm resource genetic diversity AFLP cluster analysis
