摘要
目的探讨儿童肾髓质钙质沉积症的超声特点及鉴别诊断。方法研究对象为10000例5岁以下儿童。检查仪器为GE200和Logiq9彩色多普勒超声诊断仪,探头频率为7.5～12.0MHz。常规行超声检查,观察双肾大小、形态结构,肾皮质、髓质的厚度、分界及回声情况,集合系统有无分离、有无结石征象。结果10000例儿童中,临床确诊肾髓质钙质沉积症9例,超声检查提示肾髓质钙质沉积症10例,超声诊断的准确性为90%。原发病包括肾小管酸中毒4例,原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进1例,原发性高血钙1例,佝偻病3例。其中1例为婴儿型多囊肾误诊为肾髓质钙质沉积症。儿童肾髓质钙质沉积症的超声表现:双肾大小、形态基本正常,皮质、髓质界限清楚。肾锥体回声明显增强,髓质内可见沿锥体分布的密集点状强回声,形状与锥体形态一致,后无声影,呈"孔雀羽"征。结论儿童肾脏髓质钙质沉积症具有特征性超声改变,结合临床资料有助于确诊该病。
Objective To observe the ultrasonic features of medullar nephrocalcinosis in children,and to discuss differential diagnosis of this disease.Methods Ten thousand children aged 〈5 years were involved.GE 200 and Logiq 9 color Doppler sonography were used with the transducer＇s frequency varying from 7.5 to 12.0 MHz.Conventional ultrasonography was performed to observe both kidneys,including the size and morphosis,the thickness,edges and echoes of cortex and medulla and whether there was dilated or calculus in renal sinus.Results Nine patients were diagnosed definitely as medullar nephrocalcinosis with ultrasonography.One patient with infantile polycystic kidney disease was misdiagnosed as medullar nephrocalcinosis.The protopathies were as follows：4 patients with renal tubule acidosis,1 patient with primary hyperparathyroidism,1 patient with primary hypercalcemia and 3 patients with rachitis.Ultrasonographic features of medullar nephrocalcinosis included normal size and morphosis of the kidneys in general,and the clear border of the renal cortex and medulla.The renal pyramid appeared stronger echo than normal kidneys,and there were intensive punctiform strong echo without acoustic shadow distributed along the renal pyramid in both kidneys,which appeared peacock feather sign.Conclusion There are some ultrasonographic features of medullar nephrocalcinosis in children,and ultrasonography contributes to the diagnosis of this disease combined with other clinical data.
出处
《中国医学影像技术》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第9期1665-1667,共3页
Chinese Journal of Medical Imaging Technology
关键词
肾钙质沉积症
肾髓质
超声检查
Nephrocalcinosis
Renal medulla
Ultrasonography
