摘要
下游黑龙江茴鱼(Thymallus tugarinae)为黑龙江水系中国境内茴鱼属(Thymallus)新纪录种,也是黑龙江水系特有的珍稀濒危冷水性鱼类。本研究利用7对微卫星引物,对乌苏里江(WS)、黑龙江上游的呼玛河(HM)和额木尔河(EM)3个下游黑龙江茴鱼地理种群的遗传多样性进行了比较研究,以探讨其种群遗传结构及地理分化水平,并为制定保护管理策略提供遗传学依据。结果显示,WS、HM和EM种群的平均等位基因数(Na)分别为18.1、14.4和11.7,平均杂合度(H)分别为0.8165、0.8072和0.8184,多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.8913、0.8053和0.7577,种群中的特有等位基因数分别为33、16和7。遗传多样性水平以WS最高,HM次之,EM最低,在地理上呈现出由黑龙江下游至上游逐渐下降的趋势。3个种群间等位基因及基因型分布不均衡(P<0.01),WS与HM、EM的遗传距离(Ds)分别为0.6093、0.6357,遗传分化系数(Fs)t分别为0.0680和0.0827,HM与EM亲缘关系最近,Ds和Fst分别为0.2212和0.0356,3个种群间的遗传距离及分化程度与地理距离呈正相关。AMOVA分子方差分析显示,6.35%的遗传变异来自于种群间,93.65%的变异来自于群体内个体之间。研究表明,黑龙江水系下游黑龙江茴鱼种群具有很高的遗传多样性水平,3个地理种群间产生了一定的遗传分化,推测其独特的生活史特性及地理距离是导致种群间产生遗传分化的主要原因。综合以上研究,建议将乌苏里江种群和黑龙江上游种群(呼玛河、额木尔河)作为下游黑龙江茴鱼的2个独特进化单元,并制订相应的保护管理策略。
Thymallus tugarinae is a newly recorded species of Thymallus,which is an economically important coldwater fishes and endemic to Amur River system. Comparation research on genetic variation among three T. tugarinae populations from Wusuli River（ E 134°39′,N 47°52′）,Huma River（ E 124°42′,N 52°18′）and Emur River（ E 122°47′,N 52°55′）was carried out to investigate their population genetic structure and geographic subdivision,which would help to develop their management and conservation strategy. The results show the average alleles numbers （Na） are 18.1,14.4 and 11.7, and average heterozygosity （H） are 0.816 5,0.807 2 and 0.818 4, and average polymorphism information content （PIC） are 0.891 3,0.805 3 and 0.757 7 for Wusuli River （WS）, Huma River （HM） and Emur River （EM） populatio can conclude that the ns, ord respectively. Population-specific allele numbers are 33,16 and 7. From these results, we er of population genetic diversity from high to low is Wusuli, Huma and Emur population except higher heterozygosity of Emur population. That＇ s to say, genetic diversity of the three T. tugarinae populations declined from downstream to upstream of Heilongjiang River. On the other hand, alleles and genotype are significantly different among 3 populations （P〈0.01）. Genetic distance （Ds） and genetic differentiation coefficient （Fat） between Wusuli and Huma are 0.609 3,0.068 0, between Wusuli and Emur are 0.635 7 and 0.082 7. Huma population has more close genetic relationship with Emur population with Ds and Fs, distance and differetiation between populations have positive values being 0.221 2 and 0.035 6, respectively. Genetic correlation with geographical distance. AMOVA results show that 93.6% of genetic divergence comes from intra-population and 6.35% comes from inner population, which is due to the habit of T. tugarinae, such as migration and geographic isolation. Our data support that Wusuli population and upper Heilongjiang River populations （Huma a
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第5期678-688,共11页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2007HSYZX-ZH-24)
关键词
下游黑龙江茴鱼
微卫星
遗传多样性
进化单元
黑龙江
Thymallus tugarinae
microsatellite
genetic diversity
ESUs
Heilongjiang River
China
