摘要
以栽培一粒(2n)、栽培二粒(4n)和长武134(6n)为材料在大型活动防雨棚条件下研究不同倍性小麦材料在不同密度和水分条件下的产量适应性变化。结果发现,在两种水分条件下随着染色体倍性从2n→6n的增加,产量、千粒重、水分利用效率(WUE)和收获指数均呈增加趋势,在水分胁迫下各材料穗粒数和穗数则呈降低趋势,而在正常供水下穗粒数则呈增加趋势。在水分胁迫下栽培一粒、栽培二粒和长武134最高产量分别出现在中、低、高密度群体,而同一材料不同密度群体间变异系数分别为6.73%,1.98%,9.07%;不同倍性材料千粒重均随着密度增加而减小,而穗数则逐渐增加,二倍体的穗粒数以中密度最高,四倍体的穗粒数随着群体密度的增加而减小,六倍体则相反;三种材料WUE和收获指数分别以低、高、低密度最高。正常供水下随着染色体倍性从2n→6n的增加,三个倍性材料最高产量分别出现在高、低、低密度群体,而同一材料不同密度群体间变异系数分别为6.01%,17.12%,2.46%;千粒重表现为中密度>低密度>高密度,而穗粒数均以低密度群体最高,二倍体和四倍体以高密度群体最低,六倍体则以中密度群体最低,穗数则随着密度群体增加而增加;二倍体WUE以高密度群体最大,中密度最小,四倍体和六倍体随着群体密度的增加而逐渐减小,二倍体收获指数以低密度最高,中密度最低,四倍体和六倍体表现为低密度>中密度>高密度。上述研究结果为干旱半干旱地区小麦节水高产栽培和育种提供了理论依据。
The adaptive change of different ploidy wheat materials to density and water conditions were studied under rain-out shelter experiment condition. The results showed that in the evolution of wheat from diploid to tetraploid and hexaploid, yield, grain weight, water use efficiency and harvest index were increased gradually under drought conditions. The maximum yield of different material appear in the medi um, low and high density groups, the yield variance coefficients of different material from 2n to 6n were 6. 73% ,1. 98% and 9.07% respectively; grain weight increased, and ear number and grain number per ear gradually decreased with the ploidy increased; grain weight decreased and ear number increased with the density increased for the same material. The grain number per ear was the highest for Diploid in Medium density population, and it increased for tetraploid wheat with the population density increased but it was decreased for hexaploid wheat. Water use efficiency and harvest index gradually increased with the increase of ploidy. Under irrigation conditions, the yield, grain weight, grain number per ear, water use efficiency and harvest index were increased gradually with the increase of ploidy. The maximum yield of different material appear in the high, low and low-density population, and the yield variance coefficients of different material from 2n to 6n were 6.01% ,17.12% ,2.46% respectively; the highest grain weight appear in medium density population and the lowest appear in high density population for the same material; the highest grain number per ear appear in tow density population and the ear number increased with the density increases for same material; the maximum WUE of diploid appear in high-density population, WUE of tetra ploid and hexaploid wheat decreased with the increase of density; the maximum harvest index of diploid appear in low-density, and they were decreased with density increase for tetraploid and hexaploid wheat. The results of the study provides a theoretical basis on the cultiv
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第5期203-209,共7页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家高技术研究发展(863)计划项目(2006AA100202)
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-YW-N-003)
教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目
关键词
不同倍性小麦
产量
水分
密度
响应
different ploidy wheat
yield
moisture
density
response
