摘要
伴随着世界各国氢燃料电池车示范项目的实施,与之配套的氢能基础设施——加氢站也在全球范围内迅速发展。作为一种新兴的能源基础设施,能否为公众提供足够的安全,一直是政府和公众非常关心的问题。而目前国际上关于加氢站风险评价方面存在的主要争议,即是损害限和风险接受标准确定的问题。本文通过回顾国外加氢站风险评价的研究现状和进展,从危险辨识、概率分析、后果评价以及风险度量等方面总结了加氢站风险评价的方法,对氢能设施风险评价开展的基础——氢气行为及其后果等氢能安全进行了分析,在此基础上,进一步综述了近几年国际上在该领域研究取得的进展。
With the world wide development of large-scale FCV demonstration projects, the global number of hydrogen refueling stations has increased rapidly in recent years.As a new energy infrastructure, it has always a public concern whether the hydrogen refueling station could ensure enough safety, which becomes one of the biggest obstacles to the further implementations of hydrogen as energy carrier.Therefore, many studies focus the attentions on risk assessment of hydrogen refueling stations, as reviewed in this paper.Firstly, the current studies are discussed in terms of hazard identification, probability analysis, consequences evaluation and risk measurement.The fault tree analysis and the event tree analysis play important roles in risk assessment studies on hydrogen refueling stations due to the lack of failure probability data for hydrogen infrastructure.Secondly, different points of view on damage limit and risk acceptance criteria are analyzed.A unified or widely accepted damage limit criteria and risk acceptance criteria will be a target for future studies.Thirdly, the progress of studies on hydrogen behavior and consequences is summarized to emphasize the need for improvement in risk assessment of hydrogen refueling stations.The experimental studies and numerical researches both contribute to the development of risk assessment on hydrogen refueling stations.Finally, to facilitate the development of hydrogen infrastructure in China, two suggestions are made.On one hand, risk assessment methodology developed by other countries need to be studied.On the other hand, fundamental researches on hydrogen safety need to be strengthened to provide scientific basis to the establishment of hydrogen regulations, code and standards.
出处
《科技导报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第16期93-98,共6页
Science & Technology Review
基金
上海市科委世博科技专项(09dz0580103)
关键词
氢能源
加氢站
风险评价
hydrogen energy
hydrogen refueling station
risk assessment
