摘要
2004和2005年的4~7月,采用样方法和直接观察法,对甘肃省东大山自然保护区喜马拉雅雪鸡（Tetraogallus himalayensis）的巢址选择进行了研究。共测量36个巢址。研究表明,喜马拉雅雪鸡的巢主要分布于2601~3000 m之间,多在高山岩石草地和裸露岩石区、突出大石下和灌木下或草丛中、中坡及中坡以上的坡位、坡度26°~40°之间的阳坡和半阳坡上营巢。主成分分析表明,影响巢址选择的主要因子可分为捕食因子和食物因子两类,其主要因子依次为灌丛高度、距悬崖的距离、草本盖度、灌丛密度和物种丰富度;作为捕食因子与食物因子权衡的结果,其巢址选择有利于喜马拉雅雪鸡的野外生存。此外,悬崖环境（距悬崖的距离和500m内的悬崖数）在巢址选择中起到重要作用,这可能与雪鸡的避敌方式及飞翔能力较差有关。
From April to July,2004 and 2005,the nest-site selection of the Himalayan Snowcock（Tetraogallus himalayensis） was investigated by the direct observation and plot sampling method in the field,at the Dongdashan Nature Reserve in Zhangye,Gansu Province.Totally 36 nests were measured in the field work.The Himalayan Snowcock exhibited a preference to a relative place（2601-3000 m elevation）,a mountainous grassland with rocks,a bare rock zone,a thicket grass,and a place beneath a overhanging rock and shrubs,where was over the mountainside and the gradient ranged from 26°-40° on sunny slopes and semi-sunny slopes.Based on the principal components analysis,predation and food were the two main factors affecting the nest-site selection of the species.The primary factors in the following order： the height of shrubs,the distances to cliff,the cover degrees of grass,the density of shrubs and species diversity.We concluded that,as a result of trade-off between two main factors,the nest-site selection in our study is of great benefit to the Himalayan Snowcock to survival.Furthermore,the cliff factor（the distances to cliff and cliff number in 500m）takes on obvious effect on nest-site selection,this maybe related to the escaping pattern and weak flying ability of Himalayan Snowcock.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第8期4278-4284,共7页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金重点课题资助项目(No.30530130
30170138)
中国林业科学研究院野生动植物保护管理资助项目(No.2003-02)
关键词
喜马拉雅雪鸡
巢址选择
主成分分析
权衡
himalayan snowcock
nest-site selection
the principal components analysis
trade-off
