摘要
目的了解广西壮族自治区(广西)感染性腹泻流行特点及其变化规律。方法采用描述性流行病学的方法对资料进行统计分析,整理广西2002-2007年感染性腹泻疫情统计报表、疫情处理记录及实验室检测资料。结果2002-2007年广西感染性腹泻共报告病例154 743例,年均发病率为52.89/10万。其中散发病例149 814例,占总病例数的96.81%。发病高峰在冬季,9-12月呈明显上升趋势,最高为12月(6年间12月总病例数20 515例,月均发病率7.01/10万)。病例以散居儿童为主,6年间共有96 951例,占总病例数的62.65%。死亡病例中2岁以下儿童72例,占84.71%。2004-2007年疫情暴发分别为14起(1073例)、18起(938例)、24起(1492例)及20起(1065例)。9月疫情最多(20起)。学校疫情37起,占疫情总数的48.68%,村屯疫情32起,占42.10%。在学校疫情中27起(72.97%)发生在城乡结合部或农村学校。60%的学校疫情与饮用水污染有关。疫情检出肠致病性大肠埃希菌、肠产毒性大肠埃希菌、肠侵袭性大肠埃希菌、鼠伤寒沙门菌、都柏林沙门菌、变形杆菌、诺如病毒及轮状病毒等。结论感染性腹泻发病率仍然较高,且呈上升趋势,并出现了新的流行规律及特点;导致暴发的因素仍然存在,因此防治策略及方法应不断加强及完善。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and their dynamic pattern of infectious diarrhea in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Methods Statistical analysis based on descriptve epidemiology was carried out. Statistical report, disposal record, and experimental data of the epidemics of infectious diarrhea in Guangxi from 2002 to 2007 were sorted and studied. Results A total of 154 743 cases of infectious diarrhea were reported in Guangxi from 2002 to 2007, with the annual average incidence rate of 52.89/lakh. Among the patients, there were 149 814 sporadic cases, accounting for 96.81% of all the cases. The incidence peaked every winter, with obvious increasing tendency from September to December. A total of 20 515 cases were reported in Decembers during the 6 years, with average monthly incidence rate of 7.01/lakh. More than half of all the cases were home-cared children （96 951 cases in 6 years）, accounting for 62.65% of all the cases. A total of 72 cases died before they were 2 years old, accounting for 84.71% of all the patients. Fourteen outbreaks （1073 cases）, 18 outbreaks （938 cases）, and 24 outbreaks （1492 cases） and 20 outbreaks （1065 cases） occurred from 2004 to 2007, each year respectively. More outbreaks （20 outbreaks） occurred in September than in other months. As for the location of epidemics, schools accounted for 37 epidemics （48.68% of all）, and villages accounted for 32 epidemics （42.10%）. Among the epidemics in schools, 27 events （72.97%） occurred at schools located in the linkage part of rural and urban areas, or rural areas. About 60% of the school epidemics were associated with the pollution of drinking water. The pathogen of the epidemics studied were detected to be Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, enteroinvasive Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella Dublin, Bacterium vulgaris, Norwalk virus, and rotavirus. Conclusion The incidence rate of infectious diarrhea is at a high level and still r
出处
《疾病监测》
CAS
2009年第7期507-510,共4页
Disease Surveillance
关键词
感染性腹泻
流行病学
发病率
infectious diarrhea
epidemiology
incidence rate
