摘要
目的探讨超声检查真性小眼球的解剖特征及其临床意义。方法以100例（200眼）正常者为对照，应用A型超声诊断仪、超声生物显微镜、验光等手段对22例（44眼）真性小眼球眼轴及玻璃体腔长度、晶状体及巩膜厚度、小梁虹膜夹角、屈光状态等进行检测，分析其解剖特征。结果与正常眼相比，真性小眼球眼轴[（15．95±0．76）mm^3及玻璃体腔长度[（8．48±0．90）mm]减小，晶状体厚度[（4．9±0．53）mm]增加，晶状体相对位置（0．312±0．09）靠前（P〈0．01）。患者远视屈光度和眼轴长度及玻璃体腔长度存在负的相关关系，相关系数分别为-0．806和-0．663（P〈0.01）；通过超声生物显微镜测量真性小眼球巩膜突位置对应的巩膜厚度[（0．917±0．119）mini显著增加，而小梁虹膜夹角（11．41°±7．63°）显著缩小，与正常眼相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论超声分析显示真性小眼球具有眼轴短、晶状体和巩膜增厚、房角窄等解剖特征；超声生物显微镜可定量检测真性小眼球巩膜厚度和小梁虹膜夹角，为早期发现和预防闭角型青光眼等并发症提供理论依据。
Objective To study the anatomical characteristic of nanophthalmos with ultrasonography and its clinical significance. Methods Forty four nanophthalmic eyes （22 patients） and 200 normal eyes （100 persons） were included. A series of ocular parameters, including ocular axial length, angle between trabeculum and iris,thickness of lens and sclera, and vitreous cavity length were measured with ultrasound A-scan and ultrasound biomicroscopy. The refractive status was examined with dioptometry. Results The ocular axial length[（15.95 ± 0.76） mm] and vitreous cavity length [（8.48± 0.90） mm] were shorter, the lens [（4. 9 ± 0.53）mini and sclera [（0. 917 ± 0. ll9）mm] were thicker in nanophthalmic eyes than those of normal eyes（ P〈0.01）. The relative position of lens （0. 312 ± 0.09） was more forward,and the angle between trabeculum and iris （11.41 °± 7.63°） was narrower in nanophthalmic eyes, compared with normal eyes（ P 〈0.01 ）. The byperopia of nanophthalmic eyes was negatively correlated with the ocular axial length （ r = - 0. 806） and vitreous cavity length （ r = - 0. 663） （ P 〈0.01 ）. Conclusions Nanophthalmos was characterized by short ocular axial length, thick lens and sclera, and narrow anterior chamber angle. The thickness of sclera and the angle between trabeculum and iris measured with ultrasound biomicroscopy could provide a solid indication of the treatment to the complication of angle closure glaucoma.
出处
《中华超声影像学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第7期611-614,共4页
Chinese Journal of Ultrasonography
基金
国家自然科学基金（30700920）和北京市科技新星计划（B类）（2005B50）
