摘要
[目的]探讨中药材黄芪的平衡施肥技术。[方法]以蒙古黄芪为供试品种，施肥处理设4个P水平（0、75．0、112．5和150．0kg/km^2）；4个K水平（0、37．5、75．0和112．5kg／hm^2），每个处理均加入N150．0kg／hm^2，研究磷钾配施对黄芪产量和经济效益的影响。[结果]在甘肃高寒阴湿区采用黄芪高产栽培技术和平衡施肥技术，黄芪产量可超过当地平均产量1．5倍。黄芪在磷中低水平时减产，在磷高水平（150．0kg／hm^2）时增产效果显著，施P较P0增产16．5％，增收6499．5元／hm^2，每公斤P2O5可增产黄芪5．0kg，产投比为8．3；施K较K0增产10．7％-25．1％，增收3582．0—9132．0元／hm^2，每公斤K2O可增产黄芪4．3～20．4ke,，产投比11．9—60．9。[结论]黄芪获得最高产量的氮磷钾量分别为N150．0kg/hm^2、P2O5 150．0kg／hm^2、K2O 112．5kg／hm^2，氮磷钾比为1：1：0．75，获得最经济产量的氮磷钾比为1：1：0．25。
[Objective] The study aimed to discuss the technique of balance fertilization for Chinese medicinal materials Radix astragali. [Method] With Mongolia R. astragali as the test waterial, 4 P levels of 0, 75.0, 112.5 and 150 kg/hm^2 and 4 K levels of 0, 37.5, 75.0 and 112.5 kg/hm^2 were set up for the balance fertilization treatments and N of 150.0 kg/hm^2 was added into each treatment. The effects of combined P and K on the yield and economic benefit were studied. [ Result] Applying high yield cultivation and balancing fertilizer technique for R. astragali in chilling and humid region of high-elevation in Gansu Province, the yield of R. astragali could be increase by 1.5 times than local mean yield. The yield of R. astragali could be decreased when P fertilizer was at the middle and low level, but that could be increased obviously when P fertilizer was at high level （150.0 kg/hm^2）. Under the high P level, the yield and income could be increased by 16.5% and 6 499.5 yuan/hm^2 resp. when comparing with that at P0 level, the yield was increased by 5.0 kg for 1 kg P2O5 and the ratio of input and output was 8.3. Applying K could increase the yield and income of R. astragali by 10.7% -25.1% and 3 582.0-9 132.0 yuan/hm^2 resp. when comparing with that at K0 level, the yieldwas increased by4.3-20.4 kgkg for 1 kg Kand the ratio of input and output was 1 ： 1：0.25. [ Conclusion] The applying rates of NPK for getting highest yield of R. astragali were N 150.0 kg/hm^2, P2O5 150.0 kg/hm^2 and K2O 112.5 kg/hm^2, with NPK ratio of 1：1：0.75 and the N PK rate for getting the best economic yield of 1：1：0.25.
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
北大核心
2009年第17期7991-7992,7998,共3页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
PPI/PPIC项目(Gansu200202)
关键词
平衡施肥
黄芪
产量和经济效益
Balance fertilization
Radk astragali
Yield and economic benefit
