摘要
针对云南丘北小椒主产区长期盲目施肥现象突出,偏施氮肥,忽视磷钾肥的施用,养分比例极不平衡,致使辣椒产量和品质下降,肥料利用率不高。本文以丘北小椒(Capsicum frutescensL.)为研究对象,采用田间试验方法研究了丘北小椒生育过程对氮、磷、钾养分的吸收利用规律,以及氮磷钾肥不同配比对辣椒产量的影响。试验结果表明,合理施肥可提高辣椒产量,推荐施肥处理(Opt,每公顷施N 300 kg,P2O5150 kg,K2O 300 kg)产量为2338.34 kg/hm2,比习惯施肥增产19.36%;辣椒对氮磷钾的吸收,以钾最多,氮次之,磷最少,其吸收量因生长期不同而异;N、P和K利用率最高处理为75%Opt,N为14.23%,P为1.24%,K为11.36%,其次为推荐施肥(Opt),合理施肥可提高化肥利用率,从而降低了氮磷肥料的流失,有效降低环境风险。
The unbanlance proportion of fertilizer applied might result in decreases of the yield and quality of hot pepper and the low fertiliza- tion utility. Based on this,the field experiment was carried out to study on absorption pattern of N,P2O5, K2O by hot pepper and the effect of different N, P, K treatments on the head yield of the hot pepper. The results showed that rational fertilization significantly increased the hot pepper yield as compared with control , the hot pepper yield of the optimum combination of N, P, K （Opt, N 300 kg/hm^2, P2 05 150 kg/hm^2 , K2O 300 kg/hm^2 ） was 2338.34 kg/hm^2. The yield of Opt was higher 19.36 % than control. The amount of N ,P2O5 and K2O absorbed by the hot pepper was K2 O 〉 N 〉 P2O5, but the proportion of fertilizer was absorbed by hot pepper was different at various growth period. The highest treatments of nitrogen use efficiency （NUE） ,phosphorus use efficiency （PUE） and potassium use efficiency was 75 % Opt. NUE was 14.23 %, PUE was 1.24 % and KUE was 11.36 %. The ration fertilization could increase the fertilization utility and reduce the risk of the pollution of N and P.
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第2期393-396,共4页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
云南省科技攻关计划(2006NG01)
关键词
丘北小椒
产量
肥料利用率
养分吸收
Hot pepper in Qiubei
Yield
Fertilization utility
Nutrient uptake
