摘要
现行粗锑火法精炼工艺面临严骏挑战:一、砷害必须治理;二、不仅需消耗碱,且降低了Sb,As等的回收率;三、随着锑业的开发,多金属矿,低品位矿的被利用,势必得到成分复杂的粗锑、特别是对Pb,As等杂质很难除去,对高Pb的粗锑更无能为力。我们采用真空蒸馏的试验方案。试验在电热式真空炉内进行。试验结果如下:当残压为133.3Pa左右,在低于锑沸点数百度的温度下,锑挥发进入冷凝合金的直收率可达88～95%,质量可达国标2号精锑.Fe,Cu,Pb,Ag都富集于残留合金中,As,S大部分挥发,用分部冷凝回收.Sb在残留合金中的分配为原料含Sb总量的6%左右,这部分Sb还可回收,Sb的总收率可达99%。对含Pb高的锑铅合金的真空精炼效果也十分显著。
The Present pyro-refining technology of crude Sb is severely challenged in many aspects.First of all,the harm done by As must be brought under control; secondly,alkali is needed and due to this,the recovety of Sb and As is lowered;thirdly,with the advance of antimony industry, multi-metal ores and low-grade ores are utilized,which will certainly result in obtaining crude Sb with complicated composition.It is particularly difficult to remove foreign metals such as pb and As in crude Sb,let alone treat crude Sb with high Pb. Vacuum distillation is used in the experiment which is proussed in an electric vacuum furnace.Experimental results are as follows: When remaining pressure is about 133.3Pa and temperature some hundred degrees lower than the boiling point of Sb, the ditect recovery of Sb volatizing into condensed alloy can be as high as 88 to 95% and its quality can reach the level of China's standard 2 refined Sb.All.the Fe,Cu,Pb and Ag concentrate in remnanl alloy.Most of As and S volatilize and are recovered by fractional condensing.The distribution of Sb in remnant alloy is about 6% of all the Sb in raw material.This fraction of Sb can be farther recoverd.The whole recovery of antimony can reach 99%. Vacuum disillation also has notable results on the refining of Sb-Pb alloy with high Pb.
出处
《昆明理工大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
1989年第3期48-55,共8页
Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)
关键词
锑
真空蒸馏
精炼
Antimony
Vacuum didtilation
Refining
