摘要
戊唑醇和苯醚甲环唑对苹果褐斑病菌生长发育的毒力测定结果表明:对菌丝生长和繁殖体产生具有明显的抑制作用,戊唑醇的EC50分别为0.06和0.055μg·mL-1,苯醚甲环唑的EC50分别为0.009和0.024μg·mL-1;但2种药剂对分生孢子萌发的抑制效果较差,其EC50值较菌丝生长和繁殖体产生高104～105倍,分别为128.825和331.131μg·mL-1。苯醚甲环唑对菌丝生长和繁殖体产生的毒力较强,EC50值明显低于戊唑醇,说明其抑制效果较好;而戊唑醇在抑制分生孢子萌发时效果略优于苯醚甲环唑,表现为EC50值相对较小。2年独立的田间试验结果表明:2种药剂在推荐使用浓度对苹果褐斑病均有较好的防治效果,戊唑醇比苯醚甲环唑的防病效果好,在2005,2006年分别达到82.10%和81.83%,而苯醚甲环唑分别为42.37%和62.38%。新杀菌剂嘧菌酯防病效果达到88.74%与戊唑醇相当,明显优于十二烷基苄基二甲基氯化铵。病害发生初期(陕西关中6月中旬前后)喷施1～2次内吸性杀菌剂即可基本控制当年的病害。建议交替使用这2种药剂及嘧菌酯来控制病害,可以避免病菌产生抗药性。
This study investigated the role of triazole fungicide, tebuconazole and difenoconazole were investigated in controlling the disease in vitro and in field. The fungicides showed a strong inhibition effect on mycelium dry weight, and acervuli formation and a less inhibition effect on conidia germination by comparing EC50 value in vitro. EC50 values of tebuconazole on mycelium dry weight, acervuli formation and conidia germination were 0.060, 0.055 and 128.825 μg· mL^-1, respectively. EC50 values of difenoeonazole were 0. 009, 0.024 and 331.131 μg · mL^-1 , respectively. Difenoeonazole showed lower EC50 values than tebuconazole on mycelium growth and acervuli formation on YD and CSA medium, respectively. The fungicides application in an orchard of Pucheng in 2005 and 2006 demonstrated that both fungicides gave high disease control efficacy in application of commended concentration compared to untreated control. Tebueonazole showed higher efficacy than difenoconazole, their control efficiency were 82.10% and 42.37 % in 2005, and 81.83 % and 62.38 % in 2006, respectively. Azoxystrobin, which control efficiency was 88.74 %, had no significant difference with tebuconazole. Therefore, alternative use of these fungicides 1 - 2 times in mid June was recommended to control Marssonina leaf blotch and avoid the resistance of the pathogen to fungicides in this region.
出处
《林业科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第3期68-73,共6页
Scientia Silvae Sinicae
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项资助(nyhyzx07-055)
教育部“长江学者和创新团队”支持计划(PCSIRT200558)
高等学校学科创新引智计划资助项目(B07049)
关键词
戊唑醇
苯醚甲环唑
苹果褐斑病
菌丝干重
分生孢子萌发
防治效果
ebuconazole
difenoeonazole
pre-mature defoliation of apple
mycelium dry weight
conidia germination
disease control
