摘要
阅读障碍检测的"差异模型"因其操作性强的特点备受研究者喜爱且已成为该领域研究中广为采用的检测模型,然而研究表明"差异模型"在理论与实践方面存在诸多弊端;鉴于此,一些研究者提出了基于阅读成分理论、以干预为导向、科学合理、简便易施的"成分模型",从而避免了单一采用"差异模型"进行阅读障碍检测。研究表明"成分模型"在汉语阅读障碍检测和亚类型鉴定中同样具有可行性和有效性,因此尝试采用"成分模型"实施阅读障碍检测可以避免汉语阅读障碍检测方面存在的混杂现象,进而促使我国阅读障碍检测及亚类型鉴定朝向更加科学化、规范化方向迈进。
In dyslexic assessment research studies, the IQ-Achievement Discrepancy Model is much favored and widely used for its easy operation since it came into being.However, more and more studies have revealed that there exist a number of theoretical and practical problems by adopting the Discrepancy-Model in dyslexic assessment.Therefore, the Component Model of Reading Disability, based on the Simple View of Reading, intervention-oriented and easily-handled, was put forward in order to avoid some of the disadvantages raised by using the Discrepancy-Model.Nowadays, in Chinese dyslexic assessment and subtypes diagnosis, the Discrepancy-Model has also been found out to have some major problems in operation, causing different results of assessment and subtypes diagnosis as well as various diagnostic solutions.This would require replacing the Discrepancy-Model with the Component Model, which identifies the sources of different children's reading problems and tailors instructional strategies to fit specific weaknesses.Thus, Chinese dyslexic assessment and subtypes diagnosis can free from the current confusing situation to march onto a more scientific and more standardized research field.Empirical studies in Chinese dyslexic research field have proved that the Chinese reading process is also a product of at least two potential components—decoding and comprehension, and weakness in one of these components or in both of them could therefore results in three types of poor readers;reading comprehension and listening comprehension in Chinese reading process are highly correlated and listening comprehension is found to be a better predicator of reading achievement in Chinese elementary schools;the Chinese dyslexic children can be classified into three categories:dyslexia, hyperlexia and garden-variety poor readers.The results show that the Component Model is of feasibility and effectiveness in Chinese dyslexic assessment and subtypes diagnosis.
出处
《心理科学进展》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第2期299-307,共9页
Advances in Psychological Science
关键词
阅读障碍检测
差异模型
成分模型
dyslexic assessment
the discrepancy-model
the component model