摘要
目的从心理控制源的角度探讨父母教育对伴或不伴对立违抗障碍(ODD)的注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患儿的影响。方法对湖南省长沙、益阳、娄底、郴州、永州、怀化6个城市5～17岁中小学生采用分层、随机、整群的抽样方法进行抽样调查,共抽样9495例儿童。采用二阶段流行病学调查方法。第一阶段筛查,即由调查儿童的父母、教师或抚养者填写儿童精神障碍调查筛查表(自编),凡父母或教师所填的症状筛查表有一条为"是"或ADHD、ODD诊断量表中任一个达到该疾病的诊断条目数者为筛查阳性;第二阶段为临床诊断,调查者对筛查阳性的中小学生用半定式诊断检查表和《美国精神疾病诊断与统计手册》4版进行临床诊断。确定单纯ADHD组247例,ADHD加ODD组138例,健康对照组217例。凡符合诊断标准的ADHD儿童和随机抽取的健康对照组儿童由父母填写一般情况调查表和子女教育心理控制源量表(PLOC)。结果1.健康对照组与单纯ADHD组比较,母亲教育方式和父母教养态度比较差异均具有统计学意义(Pa<0.01)。健康对照组与ADHD加ODD组比较,父母亲教育方式和父母教养态度,差异均具有统计学意义(Pa<0.01)。2.单纯ADHD组与健康对照组比较,教育成效与子女对父母生活的控制因子评分较高,而父母对命运或机遇信念因子评分较低,差异均具有统计学意义(Pa<0.05)。3.ADHD加ODD组与健康对照组比较,教育成效因子评分与父母对子女行为的控制因子评分较高,差异均具有统计学意义(Pa<0.01)。4.单纯ADHD组与ADHD加ODD组比较,父母对子女行为的控制因子评分较低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论父母负性心理控制源与伴或不伴ODD的ADHD患儿的不良行为发生、发展有一定联系,应改变父母对孩子教育认知的偏差。
Objective To explore the effect of parenting locus of control for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） with or without oppositional defiant disorder（ODD）. Methods A sample survey in 6 cities including Changsha, Yiyang, Loudi, Chenzhou, Yongzhou, Huaihua in Hunan province, sampling a total of 9 495 children, were conducted. There were 2 phases of the investigation. The Child Mental Disorders Screening questionaires were completed first. Then ADHD and ODD were diagnosed＇with Kiddy Schedule for affective diseases and schizophrenia and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders the Fourth Edition. The parents filled out questionnaires of general condition and parenting locus of control scale. There were 247 cases with ADHD, 138 cases with ADHD plus ODD and 217 cases with healthy controls. Results 1. There were significant differences of mothers＇ education modus and parents＇ education attitude between ADHD group and heahhy control group （Pa 〈0.01 ）. There were significant differences of parents＇ education modus and education attitude between ADHD plus ODD group and healthy control group（Pa 〈 0.01 ）. 2. In ADHD group, compared with healthy control group, the scores of factors of education effects and children＇s controlling element were higher,however,the scores of the parents＇ belief of fate and opportunity were lower （P 〈 0.05 ）, 3. In ADHD plus ODD group, compared with healthy control group, the scores of factors of education effects and parents＇ controlling element were higher （Pa 〈 0.01 ）. 4. In ADHD group, compared with ADHD plus ODD group,the scores of factors of parents＇ controlling element were lower（ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions Behavior problems of ADHD were affected by negative parenting locus of control, and the deviation education cognitive should be improved.
出处
《实用儿科临床杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第24期1885-1887,共3页
Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
基金
美国中华医学基金会项目资助(Small Grants Program #02-777)
中华医学基金会资助的"提高中国精神卫生研究质量并赞助开展多个高质量小型研究项目"的技术支持和资助
关键词
注意缺陷多动障碍
对立违抗性障碍
子女教育心理控制源
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
oppositional defiant disorders
parenting locus of control
