摘要
[目的]了解暴雪期间交通事故伤害发生特点,为制定灾害干预策略提供科学依据。[方法]对2004～2006年威海市12月份的交通伤害发生情况进行分析。[结果]3年的12月,2005年交通事故发生率(1.24次/万辆)最低,但致死率最高(42.35%)。1日内事故好发时段在17:00～、6:00～8:00,2006年在20:00多1个高峰。事故发生率与事故伤亡率2005年环翠区最高,2006年荣成市最高;2004年4市(区)相近。2004和2006年伤亡人员年龄集中在30～45岁,职业集中在工人与农民,交通方式以骑乘摩托车占第1位,为40.80%、37.17%。2005年伤亡人员的年龄、职业、交通方式较2004与2006年相对分散,交通方式为骑乘摩托车和步行并列第1,占30.59%,第3位是骑自行车,3者占77.65%。3年的伤亡人员的性别以男性为主,占75.22%～80.00%,且主要肇事人群均以机动车驾驶人为主,占92.55%～96.16%。[结论]晴朗天气以预防交通事故的发生为主,雪天以预防交通事故的死亡为主;提高机动车驾驶人的综合驾驶素质,开展全民性的交通伤害现状、伤害预防知识宣传,加强雪天交通伤害的急救措施,提高救治水平,降低交通伤害致死率是冬季预防交通伤害的关键。
[ Objective] To understand characteristics of trattic injury in snowstorm, to provide scientific basis for designing intervention strategies of disaster. [Methods] Analyzed the road related injury in December in 2004, 2005 and 2006. [Results] December in those three years, the accidents rate was the lowest in 2005, but the fatality rate was the highest. The higher risk hours in one day were 17：00-. 6：00-8：00. The accidents rate and casualties in Huaneui District was the highest in 2005. The accidents rate and casualties was the highest in Rongcheng City in 2006. The data were close in 4 cities （districts） in 2004. In 2004 and 2006, the age concentrated from 30 to 45 years old, the occupations were mainly workers and peasants, the first traffic mode causing road injury was driving motorcycle. In 2005, the age, occupation, and the traffic mode causing road injury were more dispersed in 2005 than those in 2004 and 2006, the first traffic mode causing road injury was driving motorcycle and walking （30.59%） ; the third was driving bicycle; the above total proportion was 77.65%. In three years, the males were more than females. And the motor driver was the main factor causing traffic injury （92.55%-96.16%）. [Gonclusion] We should pay more attention to prevent the occurrence of traffic accidents on sunny days and fatality on snowstorm days. Strengthening the overall driving quality of motor drivers, spreading the knowledge of traffic injury situation and preventing injury, strengthening the emergency treatment on snowstorm days, improvrog the medical level and decreasing the fatality rate are the key methods to prevent traffic injury.
出处
《现代预防医学》
CAS
北大核心
2008年第23期4559-4561,共3页
Modern Preventive Medicine
关键词
暴雪
交通事故
伤害
Snowstorm
Traffic accident
Injury
