摘要
引起水土流失发生的侵蚀营力是多方面的,其中雨滴的侵蚀作用不可忽视.雨滴击溅可分为干土溅散、泥浆溅散、层状侵蚀三个阶段.溅蚀具有明显的分带性,坡面上部的土壤溅蚀量大于坡面下部的土壤溅蚀量,雨滴击溅中约有75%的土粒向坡下迁移.雨滴中数直径D_(50)、降雨强度、雨滴终点速度与雨滴动能成正比关系,雨滴动能是地表径流动能的256倍,EI_(30)乘积是较好的表示雨滴侵蚀力指数的方法.
There are many factors causing soil erosion, among which raindrop can not be neglected. Raindrop splashing can be divided into three stages, namely dry soil splashing, mud splashing and lager erosion. Splashing erosion shows an obvious distribution characteristic, that is, the amount of soil erosion in the upper slope is more than that in the lower slope, and 75 % of the raindrop splashed soil moves toward the lower slope. Raindrop average diameter D50, rainfall intensity and final raindrop velocity are positively related to the dynamic energy of raindrop. The energy of raindrop is 256 times that of the surface runoff. Erosion force of raindrop can be effectively expressed with EI30.
出处
《中国水土保持》
1997年第4期15-17,共3页
Soil and Water Conservation in China
关键词
雨滴侵蚀
击溅侵蚀
降雨动能
raindrop splashing erosion rainfall dynamic energy
