摘要
利用全国194个气象站的日降雨资料,并根据年降雨量大小由东南地区向西北地区选取典型的气象站点,分析各站点降雨侵蚀力的年际、年代变化及空间分布。结果表明,东南地区各站点多年平均降雨侵蚀力达到4 000MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a)以上,陕北地区土壤流失较严重的榆林和延安分别为1 324.05、1 880.64MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a),明显低于东南地区,降雨侵蚀力的空间分布与降雨量的空间分布十分相似,而与实际土壤流失的状况并不一致。各站点的降雨侵蚀力的年际变化趋势明显,年代平均降雨侵蚀力的变化比较稳定。周伏建用于福建地区的月雨量模型,平均相对偏差较小,相对偏差变化最小,能更好地反映该地区的降雨侵蚀力。
According to the typical meteorological sites selected by the size of annual rainfall from the southeast to the northwest region, the daily rainfall data of 194 weather stations in China were used to ana- lyze the inter-annual and decadal variability and spatial distributions of rainfall erosivity in different sites. The results showed that average rainfall erosivity in southeast region for each site was more than 4 000 MJ · mm/（hm2 · h· a）. The rainfall erosivity in Yulin and Yan＇an were 1 324.05,1 880.64 MJ · mm/ （hm2 · h · a） and there were obvious lower than those in southeast region. The spatial distribution of rain- fall erosivity was similar to rainfall, but there was inconsistent with actual soil erosion. The inter-annual variability of rainfall erosivity was obvious, but the decadal variability was stable. Due to the lowest aver- age relative and variability of relative deviation, the monthly rainfall model of Zhou Fujian in Fujian could well reflect rainfall erosivity in the region.
出处
《灌溉排水学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第4期80-84,共5页
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51239009
51179150
41371239)
