摘要
在气候变化大背景下,分析河北省参考作物蒸散的时空变化趋势和影响因素,为农作物水分管理提供指导。根据FAO推荐的彭曼-蒙蒂斯方程,利用河北省1965-1999年85个地面气象站资料,计算并分析了河北省参考作物蒸散量的时空分布变化及其与气候变化的关系。结果表明:河北省春、夏、秋、冬四季和年的参考蒸散量序列变化呈现下降趋势,并达到显著水平(α=0.01)。其中,春季下降最快,夏季次之,秋季较慢,冬季下降最慢;年参考蒸散量减少速率达43.58mm/10 a。在空间上,全省参考作物蒸散量在不同地区减少幅度不同。其中,廊坊及以南地区下降较为突出,减少速率一般均在40mm/10 a以上,而北部地区减少较为缓慢,一般均在35mm/10 a以下,秦皇岛虽然有所减少,但未达到显著水平(α>0.05)。通过参考作物蒸散与气候要素相关分析表明:影响河北省参考作物蒸散变化的主要因子是风速和日照时数(即太阳辐射)。根据能量平衡原理,风速减小和日照时数减少是河北省参考作物蒸散下降的主要原因,而气温升高对其影响作用不显著。
Based on the climatic data of 85 meteorologica stations in Hebei Province in 1965 - 1999, the temporal and spatial variation of the ref- erence evapotranspiration and its relationship to the climate change by using the FAO Penman-Monteith equation were analyzed. The results showed that the annual and four seasons＇ reference evapotranspiration in Hebei Province significantly declined （ct = 0.01 ）. The reference evapo- transpiration quickest declined in spring and then in summer, while it slowly declined in autumn and slowest in winter. The decline rate of the mean annual of the reference evapotranspiration was by 43.58mm per ten years. The spatial distribution of the decreasing extent of the reference evapotranspiration was different in the different regions in Hebei Province. It had a remarkable decline in Langfang areas and the South of Lang- fang areas with the reducing rate above 40mm per ten years, while it slightly declined in the North parts of Hebei Province with 35ram per ten years. The reference evapotranspiration not significantly declined in Qinhuangdao areas. The results of correlation analysis between the reference evapotranspiration and meteorological factors showed that the drops of wind speed and sunshine hours were founded to be the most important mete- orological factors which affected reference evapotranspiration variation trends in Hebei Province, while the air temperature increase had not signifi- cant effect on the references evapotranspiration change.
出处
《中国农业气象》
CSCD
2008年第4期414-419,共6页
Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology
基金
河北省节水农业重点实验室开放基金资助项目(0508021-HBKLA-01)
科技部农业科技成果转化项目(05EFN2174004142006GB24160428)
