摘要
在一般情况下，辣椒是两性花植物，但贵阳菜椒在栽培条件下，个别植株的花其雄蕊转化为雌蕊，称之为雄性雌化。为研究外源激素对这一过程的影响，用不同浓度的ＧＡ和乙烯利生长素处理贵阳菜椒。结果发现：ＧＡ（１００ｍｇ／Ｌ）可促进雄性雌化，其比率达８０％以上。另外，通过石蜡切片观察了雄性雌化的过程，发现辣椒花芽分化初期，雄性雌化花芽中的雄蕊原基为扁平叶状突起，随着花芽的分化，叶状突起成为叶状并逐渐向内折叠，最后边缘愈合．形成具柱头、花柱、子房的雌蕊。但其“子房”不能发育成正常果实，子房中仅有少数胚株。
Capsicum annuum L is the plant of bisexual flower in matural condition, but the stamens of some cultivars of Guiyang can transform into pistils in cultivated condition. It was called feminisation of stamens. We treated the cultivars with GA and ephon in different concentrations in order to understand the hormonal effect on sex transformation . Evidence was found that GA(100 mg/L) can increase by 80 percent in feminisation of the stamens. As well,we observed the P~ Of feminisation of the stamens by normal microsection. We found that the stamen primordium looked like a leafy flat boy. When the flower - bud differentiation went on, this flat stamen folded up gradually. The stamen tranSformed into the pisital by the edge of the flat they joining each other at last. This pisital include stigma style and ovary with a few ovules. But the ovary of the pisital couldn't develop into a normal fruit.
关键词
辣椒
雄性雌化
GA
乙烯利
花芽分化
capsicum feminisation of the stamens
GA ethephon
flower- bud differentation
