摘要
我们几乎不可能给文化和自然下精确的定义,而且也没有这个必要。我们可以在两个意义上谈论文化,在其最宽泛的意义上,文化指人类所有思想、行为和活动结果的总和。在其核心意义上,文化就指教化或者人化。对自然的理解也是如此。在最宽泛的意义上,自然指宇宙万物的总和,即大自然。在其基本意义上,自然指事物自成其是,不受外来的干预。谈及文化与自然的关系,人们首先想到的是它们的冲突;而谈及它们之间的冲突,人们首先想到的是人与大自然的冲突。但自然与文化的冲突不仅发生在人与大自然之间,而且发生在人类自身身上,即发生在人的精神与肉体、理性和感性之间。而且,冲突并非文化与自然唯一的关系,它们真正的关系不是冲突而是和谐。正是在这个意义上,美学才具有其价值。
It is almost impossible to accurately define the terms of culture and nature,and it is not necessary to do so.We can,however,talk about culture in two basic senses.In its broadest sense,culture refers to the totality of human thoughts,behaviors and the products of human activities.In its essential sense,culture refers to culturalization or humanization.The same applies to nature.In its broadest sense,nature refers to the totality of things in the universe,or Nature.In its fundamental sense,it denotes things as they would be,without extrinsic intervention.Talking of the relationship between culture and nature,one first thinks of the conflict between them.Talking of the conflict between them,one first thinks of culture in its broadest sense and nature as Nature.The conflict between culture and nature does not only take place between human and Nature,but also within human itself,between the body and the soul,between reason and emotion.In another sense,however,the actual relationship between culture and nature is not conflict but harmony,and it is in this regard that aesthetics takes on its value.
出处
《外国文学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第4期81-84,共4页
Foreign Literature
