摘要
对北方冬麦区建国以来小麦品种演替过程中农艺性状进行了研究和分析。结果表明，株高明显降低，尤以倒四节间缩短最大；茎粗、穗粒重、千粒重和收获指数均显著增大，千粒重对产量潜力的提高作用更大；干物重变化规律一致，但上部二叶和茎鞘干物重变化有所不同；８０年代后推广的品种开花以后茎鞘干物质输出率增高，贡献率增大，而上部二叶光合能力提高；源—流—库逐步得到改良，今后品种选育应在改善库性状的基础上，协调三者平衡，进一步改良和选择源性状。
Agronomical characters of winter wheat in North China in wheat varieties regenerating were studied and analyzed,The result showed:Plant height and ear stem descended obviously,stem width,grain weight,thousand kernel weight and havrest index increased greally;thousand kernel weight made greater influence on improving output potentiality;dry matter weight changed regularly,but the weights of the second leaf and the stem changed differently,the output rate of the second leaf and the dry stem matter increased after flowering in the SOS,and the contribution rate became bigger;resource flow sink were improved gradually.From now on,variety breeding should balance the three and improve and select source characters on the basis of improving sink characters.
关键词
冬小麦
品种演替
农艺性状
winter wheat
variety regeneration
agronomical characters
