摘要
目的了解广元市无偿献血人群结构，为制定招募安全血源的策略提供依据。方法收集2000—01／2007—06月的献血者资料（性别、年龄、文化程度、职业等）及其血液HBsAg、抗HCV、抗-HIV、梅毒抗体检测结果，运用统计学方法分析二者的关系。结果45270名献血者血液HBsAg、抗HCV、抗-HIV、梅毒抗体检测阳检率（3．11％）随着年龄增长、文化程度的降低而增加，与献血者的职业相关；献血者中18—30岁的年轻人占76．7％，随着年龄增加，参与献血的女性明显少于男性；高中以上文化程度的献血者占81．6％，其阳检率远低于初中和小学文化程度的鲜血者；献血者中农民阳检率最高（6．63％），其次为工人、商业服务业人员、医生和学生；献血者中性别、年龄、职业和文化程度不明（记录不完整）的“未知”组血液阳检率远高于资料完整的献血者。结论献血者选择过程的质量控制是招募安全血液策略中的重要环节；年轻人、高文化程度者和学生是较安全的献血者，应针对初中以下文化程度的献血者和农民开展无偿献血、献血者传染病防治知识的健康教育并进行效果评价。
Objective To form the basis of establishing a strategy for safe blood donor recruitment and to identify and subdivide the structure of donors. Methods Demographic data of blood donors, and blood testing results of HB-sAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV, and syphilis, from Jan. 2000 to Jun. 2007, were collected and analyzed . Results Among the 45 270 voluntary blood donors, the total positive test rate were 3.11%, which was related to age, level of education and occupation. About 76.7% of donors were young people, aged from 18 to 30 years old. As the age increased, female donors were less than male ones. Among all the donors, 81.6% received higher education, which had lower positive test rate than those with lower level of education. Among the 45 270 donors, farmers had the highest positive test rate （6.63%）, workers and service trades people came the second, students and medical staff had the lowest. As to donors with incomplete record, the positive test rate was higher than those with complete record. Conclusion During blood donor recruitment, quality control is important. People younger than 30, students or those with higher education background, are relatively safe to recruit.
出处
《职业卫生与病伤》
2008年第4期209-212,共4页
Occupational Health and Damage
关键词
无偿献血
传染病
招募
安全血源
Voluntary blood donor
Infectious disease
Recruitment
Safe blood
