摘要
短季棉品种遗传改良是实现麦棉两熟棉区粮棉双丰收的有效途径。从早熟种质资源金字棉的引进,早熟短季棉品种中棉所10号的育成,抗枯萎病品种中棉所16、辽棉10号的选育,生化辅助育种技术育成早熟不衰品种中棉所24、27和36,转单价Bt基因抗虫棉中棉所30、中棉所42和鲁棉研19,转双价Bt+CpTI基因抗虫棉中棉所50、中棉所58的培育,到航天诱变特早熟品种中棉所64,综述了中国短季棉品种选育的主要研究进展;提出了短季棉育种应加强抗黄萎病材料创制、克服产量和早熟性负相关和解决特早熟品种早衰等遗传改良重点;指出借助分子育种与常规育种技术相结合,培育麦后直播特早短季棉和杂交短季棉是今后短季棉遗传育种的方向。
The genetic improvement of short-season cotton is important for high yield of cotton and wheat in the region of wheat-cotton double crop. Main research achievements were showed from the introduction of early mature King germplasm from America to the successful selection of the first short-season cotton variety of CCRI10,the resistance to Fusarium wilt variety of CCRI16,the high yield,fine fiber quality and resistance to disease varieties of CCRI24,CCRI27 and CCRI36 by biochemical assisted breeding technology and the transgenic short-season cotton varieties CCRI30,CCRI42 and Lumianyan19 with Bt gene resistance to cotton boll worm,the transgenic CCRI50 and CCRI58 with double genes Bt＋CpTI,the variety of CCRI64 by the space mutation. Some important genetic improvement studies should be done in the future to increase the resistance to Verticillium wilt,to improve the genetic negative correlation between lint yield and earliness and to select the special early mature varieties without premature senescence. The developing directions of short-season cotton were pointed out,which were the breeding of specially early short-season cotton varieties for sowing directly after the harvest of wheat,the usage of the heterosis to breed the hybrid cotton to increase cotton yield and the combination molecular breeding and conventional selection to improve yield,quality and maturity of short-season cotton.
出处
《中国农学通报》
CSCD
2008年第6期164-167,共4页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目"高产优质多抗棉花育种技术研究与新品种选育"(2006BAD01A05)
国家航天"863"项目"棉花航天工程育种技术与品种创制"(2006AA10A109)
关键词
短季棉
遗传改良
进展
方向
short-season cotton,genetic improvement,research progress,direction
