摘要
半个多世纪以来,作者选配了蚰包麦、烟农685、烟农15和鲁麦14号等品种的亲本组合,为这些品种的育成奠定了基础;在前人工作的基础上完成了白蚰包和烟农78小麦的选育工作;主持育成了鲁麦13、鲁麦21和莱州95021三个品种。其中鲁麦21在非灌溉条件下创造了10404.6kg/hm2的高产纪录,是我国抗旱超高产品种选育上的重大突破。先后参加了《小麦育种学》、《中国小麦品种及其系谱》等书的编审工作。回顾54年来的育种实践,深刻地认识到:正确的育种目标源于生产发展对品种的需求;突破性的进展取决于关键遗传资源的发现与创新;关键是组配出适合育种目标需求的基因新组合;杂种后代采取异地、水旱地和高中肥交替选择法,是选育"高、稳、低"品种的重要手段;高产是综合因素的体现,要靠品种遗传力的突破和在生产上的最大发挥,作好良法配套至关重要;大面积高产展示田的创建,为品种推广与政府决策有重要的导向作用。高产、优质、低耗是遗传育种永恒的主题。种质资源的创新则是育种工作的灵魂。我国水资源不足,应立足于抗旱夺丰收,实现高产与高效的统一。常规育种要与生物技术密切结合,育种工作者知识面要广,要有科学的预见和丰富的直观能力,在继承与综合中创新开拓前进,开创育工作新局面。
Over the past five decades ,the author has selected hybridized combinations Of ‘Youbao＇ , ‘Yannong685＇ , ‘Yannongl5＇ and ‘Lumail4＇ ,which laid the foundation for their breeding.The author has also succeeded in selecting and breeding the wheat varieties of ‘Baiyoubao＇ and ‘Yannong78＇ on the basis of predecessors work.Besides,the author has been in charge of the breeding of ‘Lumail3＇, ‘Lumai21＇ and ‘Laizhou95021＇ . Among them, ‘Lumai21＇ has established a ever-high yield record of 10404.6kg per ha in the non-irrigated condition,which has been considered as a great breakthrough in the breeding of drought-resistant super-high-yield varieties of winter wheat.What＇ s more,the author has taken part in the compilation of a number of books,including Winter Wheat Breeding ,and The varieties of Chinese Wheat and Their Genealogy. The author has come to realize that a sensible aim of breeding depends on the development Of production and the demand for varieties.No breakthrough could be made without the discovery and use of key gene resources,and the new ways to combine genes in accordance with the breeding purpose.Selecting hybrid descendants in different locations, and in conditions alternating between dry land and irrgated land, and between high-level and middle-level fertilization, are important means of breeding high-yicld and steady-yield and low-cost varieties. High yield depends on the advance of gene heredity and the full exploitation of its potential in production.An appropriate way of cultivantion is also crucial to high production.The demonstrating field of high-yield varieties is of great instructive significance to the govemment policymaking and the variety＇s popularization. Research on the breeding of wheat varieties of high-yield,high-quality, High-adaptability and low-cost will never come to an end.The key to success in Breeding is the creative use of gene resources.China has very limited water resources.Therefore the breeding of wheat should aim at developing the
出处
《小麦研究》
2008年第1期1-11,共11页
Journal of Wheat Research
关键词
冬小麦
育种
54年
回顾
winter wheat,breeding,54 years,review
