摘要
目的评估贵州省健康教育干预在防治地方性氟中毒（简称地氟病）中的效果。方法对贵州省5个县（市、区）地氟病病区实施以健康教育为基础和改良炉灶为主的综合防治项目，采用抽样调查方法，问卷调查学生和家庭户主目标人群氟中毒防治知识知晓率及相关行为形成率。结果健康教育干预后，学生与户主地氟病防治知识知晓率分别为94．80％（15562／16415）和88．23％（4482／5080），均较干预前[44．20％（26364／59645）、22．81％（3082／13510）]显著提高（χ^2值分别为13324．05、6546．24，P〈0．01）；敞煤火烘烤玉米、辣椒率分别为5．61％（57／1016）和5．41％（55／1016），均较干预前[77．41％（1076／1390）、78．92％（1097／1390）]显著降低（χ^2值分别为1214．49、1270．92，P〈0．01）；玉米、辣椒食前淘洗率分别为99．51％（1011／1016）和94．59％（961／1016），均较干预前[84．60％（1176／1390）、76．55％（1064／1390）]显著提高（χ^2值分别为154．80、143．32，P〈0．01）；铁炉及台灶敞烧率分别为4．71％（38／807）和8．37％（60／717），均较干预前[29．99％（14483／48299）、98．33％（95070／96685）]显著降低（χ^2值分别为243．51、25282．99，P〈0．01）。结论在项目地区实施健康教育干预是贵州省燃煤型地氟病综合防治的基础，通过健康教育干预，加强了项目地区村民参与地氟病防治的自觉性和主动性．项目地区村民初步形成了良好的生活方式，达到预期效果。
Objective To evaluate the effects of implementing the health education in the Central Fund Program to control endemic fluorosis in Guizhou. Methods The samples were randomly surveyed to evaluate knowledge awareness in students and households as well as the habit formation after implementing the integrated program which mainly consisted of installing the improved stoves, supported by the Central Funds and health education in 5 counties. Results After health education, the rates of knowledge awareness in the students and the households were 94.80% （15 562/16 415） and 88.23% （4482/5080）, respectively, and increased significantly compared with those before intervention[44.20% （26 364/59 645 ）, 22.81% （3082/13 510 ） ], the difference being significant （χ^2 = 13 324.05,6546.24, P 〈 0.01 ）. The rates of drying corn and chili with the coal fire were 5.61% （57/1016） and 5A1%（55/1016）, respectively, and decreased significantly compared with those before intervention [77.41%（1076/1390）,78.92%（1097/1390） ], the difference being signifieant（χ^2 = 1214.49,1270.92, P 〈 0.01 ）. The rates of washing corn and chili were 99.51% （1011/1016） and 94.59% （961/1016）, respectively, and increased significantly compared with those before intervention [ 84.60% （ 1176/1390 ）, 76.55 % （ 1064/1390 ） ], the difference being significant （χ^2 = 154.80,143.32, P 〈 0.01 ）. The rates of using the uncovered and unventilated iron stoves and table stoves were 4.71% （38/807） and 8.37% （60/717）, respectively, and decreased significantly compared with those before intervention [29.99% （ 14 483/48 299 ）, 98.33% （95 070/96 685 ） ], the difference being signifieant（χ^2 = 243.51,25 282.99, P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions Implementing the health education is the basis for the integrated measures for controlling the endemic fluorosis in the endemic regions. The consciousness and activity of the target people have been enhanced greatly. The good behaviors in the target people are
出处
《中国地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第2期216-219,共4页
Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology
基金
中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目（2004）
关键词
氟化物中毒
煤
卫生教育
结果评价
Fluoride poisoning
Coal
Health education
Outcome assessment
