摘要
大庆油田是中国最重要的原油生产基地,开发建设50多年来,已累计生产原油18.2亿吨。不可避免地在油田生产过程中产生大量的落地原油,对土壤造成了严重的污染。落地原油在土壤中的迁移主要有横向迁移和纵向迁移:横向迁移对土壤的污染成辐射状分布,污染强度随污染源的距离增加而迅速降低,污染源周围污染最重的区域在0 m^40 m范围内,占总量90%以上,横向迁移范围确定在150 m以内;落地原油纵向迁移绝大部分集中在距土壤表面0 cm^10 cm范围内,竖向迁移一般不超过70 cm。落地原油污染土壤中主要污染物包括总烃、芳烃、酚、苯并[a]芘和硫化物,通过落地原油污染土壤的模拟实验可知总烃、芳烃、苯并[a]芘和硫化物含量,随原油浓度增加而明显增加,呈明显正相关性;其一元线性回归方程分别为Y=0.470X-17.88、Y=0.119X-6.13、Y=0.0076X-0.30、Y=0.000055X+0.089。
The Daqing oil field is an important base of crude oil in our country. For 50 years since it＇s exploitation and building, its total output is more than 1.82 billion tones. In the process of yielding, it is unavoidable to make some ground crude oil, which is a serious pollutant to soil. A lot of tests of conta/ninated soil and the simulation experiments are carried through. The results indicate that the ground crude oil distribute radically surrounding the pollutant source. About 90% oil pollution is concentrated within a radius of 40 m, and the transverse range of ground crude oil is less than 150 m. The remains in the soil mainly concentrate in the range of 10 cm depth; the lengthways move range of ground crude oil is usually less than 70 cm. The mainly pollutants in the ground are TPHs, aromatic hydrocarbon, benzopyrene [ a ] and sulfide, the concentration of which has obviously linearity relationship with crude oil concentration and the linearity equations are Y = 0. 470X - 17.88, Y = 0. 119X - 6.13, Y = 0.0076X -0.30, Y =0.000055X ＋0.089.
出处
《环境科学与管理》
CAS
2007年第9期50-52,56,共4页
Environmental Science and Management
关键词
落地原油
土壤污染
迁移
污染物
ground crude oil
contaminated soil
transverse
pollutants
