摘要
目的:观察大学生自尊水平的特点。方法:于2005-11/2006-05选取江西省内6所高等院校,专业包括理工科、医学、师范类及文科类大学生793名。以751名大学生为研究对象,采用二维自尊量表进行调查,包含16个题项,每个维度8个题项。量表的重测信度为0.84和0.80,同质性信度为0.86和0.84;该量表测量整体自尊,分为自我喜欢和自我能力感两个维度。采用个别访谈的方法对自尊高分同学和自尊低分同学进行个别访谈,同时收集同学和班主任(辅导员)对该同学的评价。调查中使用半结构化访谈,访谈提纲的内容是依据症状自评量表各因子结合以往研究中自尊及其相关影响因素设计的,主要包括以下3个方面:①与焦虑有关的认知和事件。②与同学、老师以及朋友的关系。③对自我情感和心境的评价。为了缓解被访谈者的紧张情绪,还进行其他方面的交流。结果:发放问卷793份,收回780份。对所收回的问卷进行初步整理,剔除不符合要求的废卷后,获得有效问卷751份。①男生在整体自尊和自我能力感维度上得分高于女生,差异有显著性意义[分别为(49.5820±7.9979),(48.2091±8.2642)分;(23.3893±3.9680),(22.6963±4.2606)分,t=2.157,2.134,P<0.05]。男女生在自我喜欢维度上得分差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。②在整体自尊和自尊两个维度上,各年级之间差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。大二学生自我喜欢维度得分明显高于大一和大三学生[分别为(26.7353±5.1527),(25.2432±4.7695),(25.6045±5.2917)分,t=3.485,2.11,P<0.05,0.01];大二学生在自我能力感维度得分明显高于大一和大三学生[分别为(23.5588±4.2219),(22.5459±4.2285),(22.9718±3.9448)分,t=2.748,1.395,P<0.05,0.01]。③整体自尊和自尊两个维度,在性别与年级之间有交互效应。整体自尊和自我喜欢得分男生高于女生,大二学生得分高于大一和大三学生。自我能力感得分大二女生高于男生。在整
AIM： To observe the self-esteem level of college students. METHODS： 751 students of 793 ones from 6 schools in Jiangxi Province majoring in science and technology, medicine, education and art were selected as the subjects between November 2005 and May 2006. Self-liking and self-competence scale （revised version SLCS-R） was adopted for investigation, which included 16 topics and each dimension consisted of 8 items. The test-retested reliability of the scale was 0.84 and 0.80, the internal consistency reliability was 0.86 and 0.84; the scale was used to measure the whole self-esteem, and divided into serf-liking and self-competence. Face to face talking was performed with the students of high record and low record, respectively, and the evaluation of their classmates and instructor to them was collected at the same time. The semi-structured interview was used in the investigation, and the contents designed according the factors in Symptoms Checklist and the influential factors of self-esteem in previous researches included 3 aspects： ①cognition and events related with anxiety; ②relationship with classmates, teachers and friends; ③evaluation on self-emotion and mental state. Communication of other aspects was also conducted to relieve the nervous emotion of interviewees.
RESULTS： 793 questionnaires ware sent out and 780 ware retrieved arranged to eliminate the invalid ones, and finally 751 valid were collected. ①The scores of male students in whole self-esteem and self-competence were significantly higher than those of females [（49.582 0±7.997 9）, （48.209 1±8.264 2） points; （23.389 3±3.968 0）, （22.696 3±4.260 6） points, t =2.157, 2.134, P 〈 0.05]. No significant differences ware found in the serf-liking between males and females （P 〉 0.05）. ②There were significant differences in the whole self-esteam and serf-esteam among each grade （P 〈 0.05）. The scores of self-liking and self-competence in the sophomores ware remarkably higher than the freshmen and juniors
出处
《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第39期7884-7886,7890,共4页
Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research
