摘要
目的探讨影响婴幼儿智力及精神运动发展状况及其影响因素，为婴幼儿智力、心理行为问题发展风险早期系统综合干预提供科学依据。方法应用贝利婴幼儿发展量表（BSID）分别对婴幼儿3月龄及12月龄时进行调查评估，并用自拟问卷调查婴儿家庭类型、母亲孕期情况、婴儿出生时Apgar评分和新生儿期是否进行抚触等。结果105名婴儿智力及精神运动发展总体状态良好；母亲生育年龄、家庭经济收入、胎次、出生时Apgar评分、及出生时身长与2次测量智力发展指数和精神运动发展指数显著相关（P〈0．01）；家庭类型、母亲孕期状态、新生儿期是否进行抚触等不同者的婴幼儿智力发展指数有显著性差异。家庭类型、孕期看电视时间、孕期户外散步及新生儿期是否进行抚触等不同者的婴儿其精神运动发展指数亦有显著性差异。结论加强孕产期保健，提高父母育儿意识，积极发展社会经济对促进和保障婴儿的智力及精神运动发展有重要作用。
Objective To explore the factors that influence the metal and psychomotor development of infant, and to provide the scientific criterion to the early synthetic intervention on development risk of infant mental and psychological behavior problems. Methods Infants were investigated and evaluated with Bayley Scales of Infant Development （BSID） at 3month and 1 year old. The family type of infant, the perinatal state during pregnancy, the Apgar score of infant at birth, and the massage state of infant during the neonatal period were investigated with a self-designed questionnaire. Results The general states of 105 infants＇ metal and psychomotor development were good. Twice testing results showed that there were significant correlations between the metal and psychomotor developmental indexes and the child-bearing age, family financial state, gravidity, the Apgar score and body height at born （P 〈 0.01）. There were significant differences in the infant mental development indexes for the infants with different family type, perinatal state, whether or not having infant massage. And there were also significant differences in the psychomotor development indexes for the infants with different family state, times of watching TV during pregnancy, times of outdoor walk, whether or not having infant massage. Conclusions Strengthening perinatal health care, proving parents＇ childcare awareness and promoting social economic development play an important role in ensuring and promoting infant mental and psycho motor development.
基金
湖北省科技厅攻关重点科研课题项目（2002AA30815）
关键词
婴幼儿
发展
影响因素
贝利婴幼儿发展量表
Infant
Development
Influencing factor
Bayley Scales of Infant Develop ment （BSID）
