摘要
甲醛是一种广泛使用和很重要的化工原材料,但它同时也是对大多数生物有机体有高毒性的物质。通过添加甲醛的选择性培养基从淤泥里分离了一株甲醛耐受真菌,将其接种于加孟加拉红的PDA培养基、察氏培养基、麦芽汁培养基平板培养,观察它的培养特征和孢子结构,结合DNA提取、PCR扩增、产物测序、GenBank比对等分子鉴定手段,结果表明:其培养特征、显微特征和黄曲霉(Aspergillus flavus)相似,18SrDNA序列与黄曲霉(Aspergillus flavus)同源率达99.8%。我们把它命名为Aspergillus flavus H4。该真菌最适生长pH值为pH5.5,在培养的144h内ρ(甲醛)从1241mg·L-1下降到4mg·L-1。在培养的96h内ρ(甲醛)下降迅速,A值上升缓慢,当ρ(甲醛)下降到10mg·L-1时,也就是120h时,A值迅速上升,ρ(甲醛)下降缓慢。结论是这株Aspergillus flavus H4是甲醛耐受(降解)真菌。
Formaldehyde is a highly toxic compound to most living organisms. A formaldehyde-degrading fungus strain,which was cultivated on media PDA medium,wort-agar medium,and potato-agar medium,was isolated and identified from silt in the experiment by selectivity medium,Spores were observed through microscope for its structure. Molecule identification methods including distilled DNA,PCR amplification,production sequence. GenBank blast showed that its characteristics of culture and microstructure were similar to Aspergillus flavus,and 18S rDNA sequence shared 99.8% homology with that of Aspergillus flavus. This strain,with a high degradation ability of formaldehyde,grew best at pH 5.5. Formaldehyde concentration was reduced from 1241 mg·L^-1 to 4 mg·L^-1 in 144 h. The fungus was reproduced rapidly when formaldehyde concentration were reduced to 10 mg·L^-1 or less,the cell turbidity （A475） was sharply increased in the same time. It is concluded that this strain is a formaldehyde-degrading fungus.
出处
《生态环境》
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第4期1175-1179,共5页
Ecology and Environmnet
基金
广东省科学院优秀青年科技人才基金项目(2004年)
广东省科技攻关项目(2004B20501001)
关键词
甲醛降解
鉴定
真菌
formaldehyde degradation
identification
fungi
