摘要
目的观察初诊高血压病患者心理、个性和行为特征对控烟效果的影响。方法对84例初诊高血压病吸烟患者行控烟治疗,连续3个月后评价控烟效果,并采用A型行为问卷、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)及症状自评量表(SCL-90)对其进行测评。结果控烟效果佳者38例,占45.24%;控烟效果差者46例,占54.76%。前者A型行为问卷、EPQ问卷(除外内外向性维度)评分均显著优于后者(P<0.05,P<0.01);SCL-90除偏执、阴性项目外,其余项目评分均显著优于后者(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论A型行为类型、神经质和精神病性人格特征及负性情绪是影响控烟效果的重要因素,对此类患者实施控烟的同时予以针对性心理干预可望获得事半功倍的效果。
Objective To observe the effect of the psychological, personality and behavioral characteristics on smoking control in patients with initially diagnosed hypertension. Methods Eighty-four smoking patients, who were initially diagnosed with hypertension, all received the treatments for smoking control and ceasation, and were evaluated with Type A Behavior Questionnaire （TABQ）, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ） and Symptom Checklist-90 （SCL-90） respectively at 3 months after treatment. Results Thirty-eight cases had good efficacy of smoking control, and 46 cases had bad efficacy. The scores of TABQ, psychoticism （P） and neuroticism （N） in EPQ in the good efficacy group were significantly lower than those in bad efficacy group, but the score of Lie （L） in EPQ was significantly higher than that in the bad efficacy group （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）; all items of SCL-90 （except paranoid ideation, negative item） were significantly lower in the good efficacy group than those in the bad efficacy group （P〈0. 05,P〈0.01）. Conclusion The personality characteristics, behavioral types and psychological manifestations are all the important factors that affect the efficacies of smoking control and ceasation.
关键词
初诊高血压病
吸烟
戒烟
心理状态
人格特征
行为类型
initial diagnosis of hypertension
smoking
smoking ceasation
psychological status
personality characteristics
behavioral types
