摘要
目的:观察登山锻炼对大学生体质、心理素质和心理健康水平的影响,分析其健康效应,带动高校对登山锻炼活动的关注。方法:实验于2003-09/2004-07随机数字表法抽取河源职业技术学院2003级的313名学生作为受试对象,男65名,女248名。①选用当地全民健身登山路线,山高海拔683m。5条登山路线,各线路长约2.5km,石阶级不少于2000级。每次登山前均先陈述目标、要求,后开展10min的准备活动。为强化登山的心理效应,要求学生登顶后尽情叫喊,与大自然对话。每周组织学生登山锻炼3次,每周要求学生就登山的感受进行记录、整理。②体质测试项目包括身高、体质量、肺活量、脉搏、耐力跑等。③心理素质测试采用自行编制的心理素质测量表,包括自尊自信、兴趣态度、意志品质和情绪调控4个因子,按5级评分,分数越高情况越佳。④心理健康水平测试选用症状自评量表进行问卷调查,分为躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性共9个因子,按5级评分,分数越高症状越严重。结果:313名学生均完成1年的登山实验教学,且问卷资料填写完整,全部进入结果分析。①登山锻炼前后大学生体质的变化:登山锻炼1年后,男、女大学生的脉搏、肺活量、耐力跑、体质量指数均有明显变化,与实验前比较差异有非常显著性意义(t=-7.28～3.82,P均<0.01;t=-10.60～9.92,P均<0.01)。②登山锻炼前后大学生心理素质的变化:登山锻炼1年后,大学生自尊自信、兴趣态度、意志品质和情绪调控指标均有明显改善,与实验前比较差异有非常显著性意义(t=-4.37～-2.84,P均<0.01)。③登山锻炼前后大学生心理素质的变化:登山锻炼1年后,反映大学生心理健康水平的症状自评量表各因子均有不同程度的积极变化,除强迫症状、偏执与实验前比较无明显差异外,躯体化、敌对、恐怖、�
AIM： To study the effect of mountain climbing affecting college student＇s physical quality, psychological quality and psychological health, explore health efficacy of mountain climbing and draw college＇s attention to mountain climbing activity. METHODS： The trainer picked up 313 students from Heyuan Vocational Technical College at random, including 65 boys and 248 gids, were experimental subjects for this experiment from September 2003 to July 2004. （1）The climbing route was a road for local people＇s exercise around a mountain with 683 meters above sea level. There were 5 climbing routes, each was about 2.5 km long and stone road contained no less than 2 000 steps. Before climbing the mountain, the trainer stated the aim and requirement of mountain climbing to the trainees and let them do some preparing activities for 10 minutes. In order to enforce the psychological efficacy of mountain climbing, the trainees ware requested to shout out and talk with the air after reaching the top. Exercise was organized for trainees 3 times a week, and they ware required to record what they felt.（2）Constitution test included stature, weight, vital capacity, pulse, patience controlling running and so on. （3）Psychological quality was tested by adopting self-made measuring table, consisting of 4 factors （self-respect and self-confidence, attitude of interest, will quality and emotion controlling） in 5 ranks. The higher the marks ware, the better the situation was. （4）Psychological quality test adopted SCL-90 questionnaire of 9 factors： somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paraniod ideation and psychoticism. Five degrees ware adopted, the higher the marks ware, the worse the situation was. RESULTS： All 313 students completed the one-year mountain climbing and answered the questionnaire completely. All results ware analyzed.（1）Change of physical quality： After one-year＇s mountain climbing exercise, there ware significa
出处
《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第30期6006-6009,共4页
Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research
