摘要
为了选育抗赤霉病且籽粒毒素含量低的小麦品种以减轻赤霉病危害,在对我国南方麦区地方品种进行赤霉病抗性鉴定的基础上,选用8个籽粒中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol,DON)含量水平不同的小麦品种作亲本,按8×8半双列杂交配制28个杂交组合,以接种后成熟籽粒中DON含量、病小穗数、病小穗率和病粒率为指标,进行赤霉病抗性、一般配合力(GCA)和特殊配合力(SCA)遗传分析,以及不同鉴定指标间比较和相关性分析。结果表明,8个品种中籽粒DON含量以苏麦3号最低(0.5715 mg kg-1),Alondra’s最高(13.5560 mg kg-1),各组合F1的籽粒DON含量均低于感病品种Alondra’s。品种间GCA和SCA存在显著差异,籽粒DON含量以加性效应为主,存在部分显性效应。苏麦3号、望水白和翻山小麦表现出较好的一般配合力效应。以苏麦3号为亲本的5个组合、望水白为亲本的4个组合特殊配合力效应较大。扬麦158一般配合力效应较小,但有4个组合表现较好的特殊配合力效应。籽粒DON含量和病小穗数、病小穗率、病粒率呈极显著的正相关关系。感病品种Alondra’s和绵阳8545的各个抗性鉴定指标的一般配合力在8个品种的排序中表现一致,抗病品种各个抗性指标的一般配合力在8个参试材料间的排序有所差异。DON含量的狭义遗传力为74.54%,因此以抗DON积累为指标的赤霉病抗性育种,可以在早期世代进行选择。
Fusarium head blight （FHB） caused by Fusarium spp. is an important disease of wheat in warm and humid areas in the world. In China, frequent epidemics of wheat FHB occurred mainly in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the northeastern spring wheat growing area. FHB causes decrease of grain yield and quality. Moreover mycotoxins contamination of diseased wheat grains is harmful to humans and livestock. Deoxynivalenol （DON） is the main toxin in wheat in China. Many countries had regulations for DON contents in both food and feed. Development of scabresistant cuhivars with minimizing DON content can reduce the damage from FHB. In the present research, to understand the inheritance of DON content in wheat grains, an 8 × 8 diallel crossing of Griffing Ⅱ analysis of DON content involving four landraces （Wangshulbai, Chimianxiaomai, Fanshanxiaomai, and Qiangweimai） and four cuhivars （Alondra＇ s, Mianyang 8545, Sumai 3, and Yangmai 158） with different DON content was performed. F1 of 28 combinations and their parental lines were planted with two replications and artificially inoculated by single floret inoculation with a high DON-producing isolate. Disease severity was evaluated by the number of diseased spikelets, percentages of diseased spikelets and diseased grains, and DON content in grains was analyzed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry （GC/MS）. The above four indices were compared and their correlation coefficients were estimated. General combining ability （GCA） and special combining ability （SCA） were also analyzed. Significant differences of DON content, GCA and SCA of DON content in wheat grains were measured among the eight parents. All F1 hybrids showed less DON contents than the susceptible cultivar Alondra＇s. The resistant cultivar Sumai 3 showed the lowest DON content （0.5715 mg kg^-1 ） and the highest negative GCA values （ - 1.26）, and Alondra＇ s showed the highest grain DON content （13.5560 mg kg^-1） and highest positive C, CA v
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第5期731-737,共7页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30170578)
国家自然科学基金重点项目(30330380)
美国McKnight基金CCRP项目
长江学者与创新团队发展计划(10418)
江苏省自然科学基金重点项目(BK2006720)
关键词
小麦
赤霉病
配合力
脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇
遗传
Tritieum aestivum
Fusarium head blight （FHB）
Combining ability
Deoxynivalenol （DON）
Heritability
