摘要
目的探讨手术室护理干预对局麻下的手术病人心理应激反应的影响。方法771例小切口拇外翻矫正术病人分组：干预Ⅰ组为手术全程给予音乐干预；干预Ⅱ组为手术全程给予心理护理支持和行为控制；对照Ⅰ组为手术前给予安定等镇静药；对照Ⅱ组术前不用安定镇静药；2个干预组手术前均未用安定镇静药；2个对照组手术中均未采用护理干预。结果通过观察4组病人的资料比较．客观监测显示有针对性的心理支持和行为控制对病人的生理体征变化有意义；主观体验显示给予恰当的护理干预明显优于给安定镇静药；而病人术前用与不用安定镇静药的比较则显示无差异。结论人性化的心理支持优于公式化的心理护理，恰当的护理干预可以减轻手术病人的心理应激反应，手术室护理干预可以替代局麻手术病人术前应用安定镇静药的作用。
Objective To study the influence of the nursing interventions on the psychological stress reaction of the patients under local anesthesia in operating room. Methods 771 patients received the operation of hallux valgus deformity and were divided into four teams., interventional team 1 was accompanied by music during the whole operation, and interventional team 2 was given mental support and behavior control. Control team 1 was applied tranquilizers such as diazepam before operation, and control team 2 was not. There was no tranquilizers applied in both interventional teams before the operation and no nursing interventions were given to the patients in both control teams before the operation. Results Compared the data of the patients in 4 teams, objective data revealed that special mental support and behavior control were significant for the changes of patient＇s vital signs, and subjective outcome showed that appropriate nursing intervention had advantages over tranquilizers such as diazepam obviously. No difference was observed whether the patients were given tranquilizers before the operation or not. Conclusions Humanistic mental support is better than formula psychological nursing. Appropriate nursing intervention can alleviate the operational stress reaction of the patients. Nursing intervention in operational room can substitute the role of tranquilizers before the operation under local anesthesia.
基金
文中小切口拇外翻手法矫正术为望京医院中西医结合治疗拇外翻及相关畸形的手术方法.获2002年国家科学技术二等奖.2003年被国家中医管理局列为中西医结合成果推广项目.
关键词
心理护理
手术
拇外翻
镇静剂
Mental care
Operation
Hallux valgus
Tranquilizer
