摘要
秦九韶《数书九章》(1247)治历演纪等题,记载了行用44年(1207-1251)的开禧历推演积年过程,是行用上元积年的一千多年间,唯一流传至今的珍贵史料．着重剖析开禧历的上元条件、周期齐同原理、气元概念、求入元岁术理、大衍术和求元数算法原术自然思路,从而复原出开禧历上元积年数据的完整演算过程．
Gauss C.F. （1777-1855） pointed out in his Disquisitiones Arithmeticae （1801） that linear congruences came from the problems of calendars： ＂This usage arose in the problem of chronology when we seek to determine what Julian year it is whose indiction, golden number, and solar cycle are given.＂ The Problem of Zhili Yanji （Design for a Calendar by Means of the Sexagenary Cycle） in Qin Jiushao＇s Shushu Jiuzhang （ Mathematical Treatise in Nine Sections ） （A.D. 1247） recorded the design development of the Kaixi Calendar （1207-1251） which was the unique existent material recorded during this period of more than 1000 years when the algorithm of Shangyuan Jinian Elapsed-Year-since-Grand-Epoch used by ancient and medieval Chinese calendarists until A.D. 1280. It is devoted to restituting the full calculation of this data by analysising original thought on concept about linear con- gruences for the conditions of the Grand-Epoch, the cycle consonant principle, the concept of the Qiyuan Solar-period, the reason for the Ruyuansui Entry-of-Solar-period, the Dayan method and the counting process for the Yuansu Number-of-Solar-period.
出处
《天文学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第1期93-105,共13页
Acta Astronomica Sinica
基金
苏州大学211工程经费资助项目
关键词
天文学史
开禧历
上元积年
history of Astronomy, the kaixi calendar, shangyuan jinian
