摘要
哈茨木霉是一类重要的植病生防因子。哈茨木霉TH-1分别在PDA培养基、麦芽糖培养基、查氏培养基和琼脂培养基上培养均能产孢，其中PDA培养基为最适培养基。PDA培养基上，菌丝生长适宜温度27．5℃～35℃，最适温度32．5℃，产孢最适温度27．5℃。菌丝生长适宜pH值为3～7，产孢适宜pH值为5-9，生长与产孢最适pH值为5。光照对菌丝生长影响不大但明显影响菌株的产孢数量，光照时间越长产孢量越大。对峙培养试验表明TH-1明显抑制疫霉菌的生长速率，其无菌滤液明显抑制烟草疫霉菌游动孢子的萌发，并抑制游动孢子芽管的伸长，TH-1对游动孢子萌发的相对抑制率为12．7％，对芽管生长长度的相对抑制率为63．1％。水解酶平板活性测定显示，TH-1产生β-1，3葡聚糖酶与纤维素酶，从而使烟草疫霉菌细胞壁的消解，产生非挥发性抗生素抑制烟草疫霉菌孢子萌发，但对菌丝生长影响不大。
Trichoderma harzianum is one kind of important biocontrol agent against plant diseases. The T. harzianum TH-1 is an active antagoaistism against Phytophthora nicotianae. The cultural characteristics of TH- 1 on 4 artifical media and its inhibition of P. nicotianae were studied. The data showed that it grew faster and produced more spores on PDA than on the other media. Its optimum growth temperature ranged from 27.5℃ to 32.5℃ and the optimum initial pH was 5. Illumination had no influence on hyphae growth but it can stimulate sporulation. The pathogen growth of P. nicotianae was suppressed obviously by TH-1 in dual cultures. The results of the zoospore, germination experiment showed that the cell-free filtrate of TH-1 can obviously suppress the zoospore＇s germination and extention of the pathogen, the inhibition rote was 12.7% and 63. 1% respectively. High enzymatic activity of β-1, 3-glucanases and cellulases produced by TH-1 was detected, which can degrade the cell wall of the plant pathogenic fungus. The results of metabolites determination showed that the Trichoderma isolate produced non-volatile antibiotics to suppress the germination of zoospore of P. nicotianae but no effect on the hyphal growth of P. nicotianae.
出处
《微生物学通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第6期79-83,共5页
Microbiology China
基金
国家烟草专卖局
云南省科委及云南省烟草公司资助(No.99A22)
关键词
哈茨木霉
培养条件
烟草疫霉
抑制作用
Trichoderma harzianum, Cuhural conditions, Phytophthora nicotianae, Inhibitory action
