摘要
拉克劳与莫菲的后马克思主义作为一种政治理论规划,以一种全新而具有创造性的方式系统地阐述了一种后现代的政治概念。它拒斥总体化的同源性的基础性权力,转而寻求一种异质性的权力概念,积极倡导微观政治。从宏观政治到微观政治的转变,其内在根源在于后马克思主义者对马克思主义阶级分析范式的质疑、修正与抛弃。从断言非阶级的意识形态要素的存在到宣称意识形态的非阶级特性,拉克劳与莫菲实现了从阶级政治到非阶级政治的蜕变。从根本上说,这一蜕变建基于对对抗概念的拉康主义的哲学阐发之上。社会围绕对抗关系而构成,而对抗具有不可根除的特征,因此,作为对对抗进行控制与调整的政治,它不仅不会终结,而且必须被构想为内在于人类社会并决定人的真正存在论条件的一个不可或缺的维度。在这种视域之中,激进政治的宗旨就不在于成就雅各宾式的革命理想,而在于沿着激进的和多元的方向永无止扩大与深化民主。正是在此意义上,后马克思主义的激进政治构成了对传统激进主义的一种全面修改。
As a political theory, Laclau and Mouffe＇ s post-Marxism systematically formulates the concept of postmodernist politics in a new and creative way. It is oriented to denying the totalizing homogenous foundational power, and to pursueing heterogenic conception of power, hereby to result in actively advocating micro-politics. The drive for substituting micro-politics for macro-politics is that post-Marxist inquires, revises, and abandons Marxist paradigm of class analysis. From alleging non-class ideological elements to asserting non-class character of ideology, Laclau and Mouffe have brought about the transformation from class politics to non-class politics. Radically, the transformation is based on developing the concept of Lacanian antagonism. Society is constituted around the relation of antagonism, and antagonism is never eradicated. Subsequently, the politics as controlling and regulating antagonism, is not only never an end, but it must be also conceived as an indispensable dimension which is endogenous in human society and determines ontological condition of human beings. In this respective, the aim of radical politics is not Jocbinian revolutionary ideal, but is to deepen and expand democracy in the direction of a radical and plural democracy endlessly. In this sense, post-Marxist radical politics makes up overall revising of traditional radicalism.
出处
《吉林大学社会科学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第6期78-87,共10页
Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition
