摘要
目的找出影响新涂阳肺结核病人发现的影响因素,提高病人发现率。方法根据湖北省2004年和2005年新涂阳病人发现情况,将全省82个县分成2组。I组2005年新涂阳肺结核病人发现数多于2004年,组低于2004年。比较2组综合性医院转诊,结防机构疫情追踪,以及乡镇卫生院查痰点工作情况;统计分析采用SAS软件。结果2组综合性医院转诊到位率分别为30.5%和31.5%,低于全国平均水平,没有显著性差异(χ2=3.59,P>0.05);转诊未到位肺结核病人的追踪率I组高于组,有显著性差异(79.0%,75.4%;χ2=39.2,P<0.01),但追踪到位率无显著性差异(37.1%,37.6%,χ2=0.4,P>0.05);乡镇卫生院查痰率和查痰阳性率I组均高于组,有极显著性差异(68.7%,60.7%;χ2=106.0,P<0.01;10.7%,3.2%;χ2=84.1,P<0.01)。结论加大综合性医院病人转诊工作力度,加强结防机构疫情追踪,完善乡镇卫生院查痰点,可以有效提高新涂阳肺结核病人的发现。
Objective To study the main influencing factors of case detection for finding new smear positive tuberculosis and to explore more effective method to increase case detection rate. Methods 82 counties were divided into two groups according to their case detection status in 2004 and 2005. Group one （49 counties）, found out more new smear positive cases in 2005 than in 2004, while group 2 （33 counties） less cases in 2005 than in 2004. Statistics analysis was utilized in terms of transferal of general hospitals, case tracing of TB dispensaries, as well as sputum examination of township microscopy centers. SAS software was adopted. Results The transferal rate from general hospital to TB dispensaries was very low in the 2 groups （30. 5% and 31.5% respectively）. The tracing rate of TB dispensaries in group 1 was significantly higher than that in group 2 （79.0 %,75.4%, X^2 = 39.2, P〈0.01）; hut there was no difference on the actual transferal rate （note：some were only repotedly transferred）, and the case tracing rate was 37.1%, 37.6%, respectively（X^2=0.4, P〉0.05）. The sputum examination rate and sputum positive detection rate of township microscopy centers in group 1 were significantly higher than that in group 2 （68.7%, 60. 7%,X^2=106. 0, P〈0.01;10.7%, 3.2%, X^2=84.1, P〈0. 01）. Conclusion It is possible to increase smear positive detection rate through enhancing the transferal of general hospitals, case tracing of TB dispensaries and sputum examination of township microscopy centers.
出处
《公共卫生与预防医学》
2006年第5期41-43,共3页
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
关键词
结核
肺
病例发现
Tuberculosis/pulmonary
Case finding
