摘要
随着城市化进程与工农业的快速发展,土壤污染形势也越来越严峻。土壤污染物临界负荷的研究,可获取土壤可持续发展质量指标,是一条实现土壤可持续管理的有效途径。我国土壤污染临界负荷研究不足,为了推动其发展,本文讨论了其研究进展、指导原则、应用、存在问题与发展趋势。动态的和基于风险的土壤污染物临界负荷估算已是国际发展趋势。当前,缺乏完善的动态临界负荷估算模型,估算过程具有较大不确定性。为了准确地估算土壤污染物的临界负荷,在未来研究中需要加强对临界浓度制定和动态模型构建的研究,主要包括土壤中污染物的迁移传输规律、污染物的剂量-效应关系等。
Soil pollution is deteriorating due to rapid urbanization, industrial and agriculture development. As a new soil sustainable management tool, the research of critical loads of pollutants in soils can develop soil environmental quality index. So far, limited research work has been done in China in relation to it. In order to promote its development in China, a general introduction is given to trend of the research in the world on soil critical loads of pollutants, and the principle as well as application function, and existing problems. Calculation of dynamic approach and risk-based critical loads has been an international trend. Currently, many uncertainties still remain in modeling and critical limits. To consider the processes of pollutants accumulation or loss from soils over time and make it reliable, future research should focus on developing critical limits based on health or ecotoxicological effects and dynamic approaches, including pollutant transfer model in environment and dose-effect relationship of pollutants.
出处
《土壤》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第5期552-558,共7页
Soils
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40432005
40301046)
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2002CB410810)
中国科学院知识创新项目(CXTD-Z2005-4)
中-荷战略科学联盟项目(2004CB720403)
江苏省自然科学基金(BK2004166)资助。
关键词
土壤污染
临界负荷
预测模型
临界浓度
风险管理
Soil pollution, Critical loads, Prediction model, Critical limit, Soil risk management
