摘要
环境标准是实施环境管理的重要依据。我国现行土壤环境质量标准(GB 15618—1995)已不能满足土壤环境管理的实际需求,研究提出我国适宜的土壤环境标准值体系显得十分迫切和必要。结合国家关于"严格控制新增土壤污染"、"确定土壤环境保护优先区域"、"强化被污染土壤的环境风险控制"和"开展土壤污染治理与修复"的土壤环境政策,分析了我国土壤环境保护和综合治理重点任务及对土壤环境标准值的迫切需求,调研综述了发达国家和地区土壤环境法规及标准值体系现状和经验,初步提出了包括土壤环境质量标准、土壤环境风险管控标准和针对特定污染土壤的治理修复标准的标准值体系,提出了针对"老污染"和"新污染"土壤分别建立不同的土壤环境监管制度,该研究可望为完善和建立我国土壤环境标准值框架体系提供参考。
Environmental standards are important bases for implementing environmental management. The current China National Soil Environmental Quality Standards(GB 15618- 1995) is far from adequate to meet with the practical needs of soil environment management. Therefore,it is now urgent and necessary to develop a suitable SESV framework. In the light of the nation's soil environmental policies,i. e. ' Exerting strict control over generation of new soil pollution', ' delineating priority areas for soil environmental protection', ' strengthening control of environmental risks of contaminated soils',and ' unfolding soil pollution control and remediation',analysis was done of key tasks in protection and integrated management of soil environment and urgent needs for development of a SESV framework in China. Furthermore,based on surveys,a review was presented of status quo of the developed countries and regions and their experiences in the field of soil environmental laws /regulations and SESV frameworks. On such a basis,a proposal on soil environment standard system of China was brought forth,including soil environmental quality standards,soil environmental risk control standards,and polluted-soil-specific soil management and remediation(objective) standards. Meanwhile,suggestions were made that different soil environment supervisory institutions specific to 'old' and 'new' contaminated soils should be established separately. This research is expected to provide some references for the establishment and consummation of the SESV framework of China.
出处
《生态与农村环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第5期552-562,共11页
Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment
基金
国家环境保护公益性行业科研业务专项经费项目(201409041
201009015)
贵州省重大科技计划(黔科合重大专项字[2012]6014号)
关键词
土壤
环境质量标准
筛选值
指导值
污染场地
风险评估
soil
environmental quality standard
screening value
guideline value
contaminated site
risk assessment
