摘要
探讨动词理解中空间表征的激活过程。被试听以不同空间轴向动词作谓语的句子后辨认视觉刺激的形状。实验1以肯定句为材料探讨语义理解对视知觉任务的影响。实验2以客观原因否定句为材料排除句子表征的影响。实验3以主观原因否定句为材料探讨动词空间元素的激活机制。总的结果表明,动词理解过程中激活其表征中的空间元素,这种激活是自动的、非策略性的,不受情境中客观原因或主观意愿否定的影响。动词理解空间效应反映了语言表征中的知觉运动特征。
Many theorists have argued that spatial elements could be part of the metaphoric understanding that underlies language. For example, concrete action push＇ clearly implies a vertical motion. Richardson （2001） has shown that native participants display a high level of agreement when asked to choose or draw schematic representations or image schemas, of concrete and abstract verbs. This consistency in offline data is preliminary evidence that language invokes spatial forms of representation. Richardson （2003） adopted dual-task paradigm and found the spatial image schemas also were activated during online verb comprehension. As the materials used are sentences but not single verbs, there is an alternative explanation for the results. It could be that the effects were not primarily driven by spatial representations activated by verbs, but by representations of the whole sentence. The research was to disjoin these two explanations and explored the activation process of spatial representations during real-time comprehension of verbs. We predicted that if comprehending a verb, but not a complete sentence, would activate a spatial representation, we would expect to observe the same effects from the material of negative sentence as Richardson did, in that there is no action in the situation model of the negative sentences whose predicate was negated by ‘not＇.
Participants listened to short sentences that included either horizontal or vertical verbs while engaged in a visual discrimination task. Experiment 1 used affirmative sentences as auditory stimuli. Participants listened to negative sentences describe objective reason in Experiment 2. Experiment 3 used negative sentences that specify protagonist＇s will as comprehension material. Each trial began with a central fixation-cross presented for 1,000 ms. A sentence was presented binaurally through headphones. There was then a pause of 50, 100, 150 or 200 ms. This randomized ＂jitter＂ was introduced, so that participants could not anticipate the onset of
出处
《心理学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第5期663-671,共9页
Acta Psychologica Sinica
基金
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关资助项目(05JZD00034)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(30570616)
关键词
动词
空间表征
言语理解
verbs, spatial representation, language comprehension.
