摘要
目的:调查社会支持对教师心理健康的影响,并对相关因素进行分析。方法:于2004-08/2005-08采用整群抽样的方法,以学校为单位或以教研组为单位,分别从河南省焦作地区小学、初中、高中、大学(专科、本科)抽取承担教学工作的教师630名为观察对象。采用社会支持评定量表评定社会支持情况。该量表包含10个条目,包含主观支持(4条)、客观支持(3条)和对社会支持的利用度(3条)3个维度。总分为10个条目计分之和。总分越高,说明获得的社会支持越多。采用症状自评量表测评心理健康状况。该量表共有90个问题,包括躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神病性、附加项10个症状因素。采用5级评分法。在测试中统一指导语,要求观察对象根据近1周来的实际感觉,逐项填写调查问卷各条目,在规定的时间内完成。并将不同类型学校教师心理状况评分与全国成人常模进行比较。结果:发放问卷630份,收回合格问卷570份,有效率90.5%。①学校教师整体心理健康水平低于国内常模。②大学教师心理健康各因子评分低于中小学教师,心理健康水平较高;中学教师心理健康水平相对高于小学教师和大学教师。③男性人际关系、敌对、偏执、精神病性项目评分高于女性,女性躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖等项目评分高于男性,差异均具有显著性。④中年教师组(40～55岁)症状自评量表9项因子评分均高于青年教师组(25～40岁),尤其在强迫、人际关系、焦虑、敌对、偏执因评分上,中年教师组明显高于青年教师组。⑤男性教师群体社会支持总体评价较低,女性教师的社会支持利用度高于男性。⑥社会支持与心理健康呈显著性相关,除主观支持维度与症状自评量表的强迫症状、敌对、精神病性无显著性相关外,社会支持的3个维度均与症状自评量表各因子均呈现显著�
AIM： To study the effect of social support on the psychological health of teachers, and analyze its related factors.
METHODS： 630 teachers in responsibility between August 2004 and August 2005 were selected by Cluster sampling method from primary schools, junior middle ＂schools, senior middle schools, universities （training school, undergraduate school） of Jiaozuo area as the subjects according to the school or teaching groups, Social Support Measuring Table was used to evaluate the social support situation, which was consisted of ten clauses, including subjective support （4 clauses）, objective support （3 clauses） and the availability for social support （3 clauses）, Total mark was the sum of ten clauses, The higher the total mark was, the more the social support it showed. The psychological health was measured by the Symptom Checklist （SCL）, which was consisted of 90 questions, including： somatization, compulsive symptoms, interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, hostility, bigoted, mental disease, and ten additional items. Five grade mark method was adopted, and the guideline in testing was unified. Subjects were required to fill in the investigation one by one according to the real feeling in the latest week within the given time, The score of psychological status of teachers from different schools was compared with norm of China.
RESULT： 630 questionnaires were sent out and 570 qualified ones were retrieved with the effective power of 90.5%. ① The total level of psychological health in school teachers was lower than that of norm of China.② The scores in each factors were lower in college teachers than those in teachers of middle school and primary school, who got a higher level of psychological health. While the level of psychological health was relatively higher in teachers of middle school than that in teachers of primary school and university.③The scores of interpersonal relationship, hospitality, bigoted, mental disease were higher in males than in females, w
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第38期35-38,共4页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
基金
2005年河南省社科联调研课题中标项目(SKL-2005-944)~~
